///////////TRISHITO PATHOK
//////////////What is so strange in enjoying
riding a car hanging onto an iron cable?
Hats off to Indian women traveling hundred years
By holding onto mere thread dipped in turmeric!"
/////////////////INDE-NOTORIOUS FOR DEARTH OF HISTORICAL WRITING
////////////////WE R UPRIGHT WALKING APE
/////////////////LUCY LIVED 3 MNYA
//////////////////HOMO GENUS APPEARS LATER
//////////////////45 KYA -INCR IN CULTRAL ACTY-ARTS=NO RELATED A CHANGE IN ANATOMY
///////////////HUMANS NOT EVOLVED FOR LAST 100K YRS
//////////////BRAINER KHIDEY
///////////////MONER KHIDEY
////////////////SOCIETY MORALITY ALWAYS THERE-KILLING/STEALING DOES NOT WORK IN SOCIETY-EVENB4 NOSES
////////////////CONSOLED BY A LIE-SELIGION
///////////////////WILL TRUTH TAKE AWAY THE CONSOLATION
////////////////BELV IN HOD-BELV IN FAIRIES
////////////////IST HUMAN LOOKED EXACTLY LIKE THE LAST RESPECTIVE APE
//////////////DNT NEED HOD TO EXPLAIN THINGS ANYMORE
///////////////ACTING
///////////////DTH-GAME OVER-
////////////////ID DTH UNDER GA
///////////////..........There's a mismatch between the modern versus ancestral world. Our minds are equipped with programs that were evolved to navigate a small world of relatives, friends, and neighbors, not for cities and nation states of thousands or millions of anonymous people. Certain laws and institutions satisfy the moral intuitions these programs generate. But because these programs are now operating outside the envelope of environments for which they were designed, laws that satisfy the moral intuitions they generate may regularly fail to produce the outcomes we desire and anticipate that have the consequences we wish. ...
////////////////.........
Obs of a Prnnl Lrnr Obsrvr who happens to be a dctr There is no cure for curiosity-D Parker
Wednesday 30 September 2009
SC OF READING
//////////////////It’s a mutually reinforcing relationship, Wolf observes: “The brain’s design made reading possible, and reading’s design changed the brain in multiple, critical, still evolving ways.” Some of these changes come across as so radical that only the realization of our being at a safe distance from such physiological alchemy introduces a semblance of acceptability.
/////////////////400-500 BCE-SOCRATES AND PLATO
///////////////.........Reminding the reader that the likes of Thomas Edison, Leonardo da Vinci and Albert Einstein were dyslexics, Wolf ponders whether we can explain the “preponderance of creativity and ‘thinking outside the box’ in many people with dyslexia?” Wolf’s rhetorical questions are tackled with grace and one always feels richer for having spent time with her.
///////////////SOCRATES AGAINST WRITING
////////////////LANGG OF BOOKS
//////////////NAMING IS A QUINTESSENTIAL HUMAN ACTY
////////////////........I believe that reading, in its original essence, [is] that fruitful miracle of a communication in the midst of solitude.
—Marcel Proust
Learning involves the nurturing of nature.
—Joseph LeDoux
///////////////2000 DAYS PREPN B4 CHILD READS
////////////////WORD POVERTY
/////////////////0.5 SEC TO RECOGNISE MEANING OF A WORD
/////////////////SOCRATES BELIEVED BOOKS WERE IMPEDIMENT OF LEARNING
////////////////READING IS THE VOICE OF CIVILISATION
//////////////////INTERPRETATIVE RESPONSE TO READING CHANGES WITH MATURING AGE AND OUR LF EXPERIENCE
/////////////////WHITE COLLAR WORKER READS 5-8 HRS READING/DAY
///////////////////CMPTR AND INTERNET ARE READING REVOLNS
////////////////////DYSLEXIA
//////////////////////WRITING IS A SKILL,READING IS A FACULTY
/////////////////////DCDC2 GENE/ROBO1 GENE==DYSLEXIA
///////////////////READING PRIORITIZES MEANING,WRITING PRIORITIZES SOUND
////////////////////NO MAJOR STR CHANGE IN OUR BRAIN cf TO NONLITERATE HUMAN BRAIN OF 40KYA
///////////////////NOTATION>>>WORD>>>STORY>>>>MEANING IN UNIVERSE
//////////////////READING=USING SYMBOLS TO RECOVER INFO FROM MEMORY
/////////////////
/////////////////400-500 BCE-SOCRATES AND PLATO
///////////////.........Reminding the reader that the likes of Thomas Edison, Leonardo da Vinci and Albert Einstein were dyslexics, Wolf ponders whether we can explain the “preponderance of creativity and ‘thinking outside the box’ in many people with dyslexia?” Wolf’s rhetorical questions are tackled with grace and one always feels richer for having spent time with her.
///////////////SOCRATES AGAINST WRITING
////////////////LANGG OF BOOKS
//////////////NAMING IS A QUINTESSENTIAL HUMAN ACTY
////////////////........I believe that reading, in its original essence, [is] that fruitful miracle of a communication in the midst of solitude.
—Marcel Proust
Learning involves the nurturing of nature.
—Joseph LeDoux
///////////////2000 DAYS PREPN B4 CHILD READS
////////////////WORD POVERTY
/////////////////0.5 SEC TO RECOGNISE MEANING OF A WORD
/////////////////SOCRATES BELIEVED BOOKS WERE IMPEDIMENT OF LEARNING
////////////////READING IS THE VOICE OF CIVILISATION
//////////////////INTERPRETATIVE RESPONSE TO READING CHANGES WITH MATURING AGE AND OUR LF EXPERIENCE
/////////////////WHITE COLLAR WORKER READS 5-8 HRS READING/DAY
///////////////////CMPTR AND INTERNET ARE READING REVOLNS
////////////////////DYSLEXIA
//////////////////////WRITING IS A SKILL,READING IS A FACULTY
/////////////////////DCDC2 GENE/ROBO1 GENE==DYSLEXIA
///////////////////READING PRIORITIZES MEANING,WRITING PRIORITIZES SOUND
////////////////////NO MAJOR STR CHANGE IN OUR BRAIN cf TO NONLITERATE HUMAN BRAIN OF 40KYA
///////////////////NOTATION>>>WORD>>>STORY>>>>MEANING IN UNIVERSE
//////////////////READING=USING SYMBOLS TO RECOVER INFO FROM MEMORY
/////////////////
SC OF READING
//////////////////SUMERIANS INVENTED WRITING-3000 BCE
//////////////Without words, without writing and without books there would be no history, there would be no concept of humanity."
/////////////LOGOSYLLABARY-SIMILARLY CONSTRUCTED WRITING-SUMERIAN AND CHINESE
/////////////FROM SUMERIAN-DD BY 1600 BCE TO AKKADIAN LANGG
///////////////////...But if an alphabet is so important, is it the case that humans who do not have an alphabet think differently from those who do? Does an alphabet build a different brain? It is not a trivial question, because one of the world’s main languages, Chinese, does not have an alphabet. Further, neuroscience can now demonstrate that not having an alphabet does indeed cause the brain to organise itself differently. Brain scans show that when someone reads an alphabetical language, such as English, specialised parts of the brain’s left hemisphere are activated. But when a Chinese speaker reads Chinese, quite different parts of the brain are used. They are in both hemispheres, and include frontal areas not used for reading by English readers. Since this proves that the Chinese reader’s brain is connected up differently, it prompts the question whether Chinese thought is different from western thought. Linguists used to argue that there is always a relationship between the language a person speaks and how that person understands the world. This idea fell out of favour under the influence of Chomskyan linguistics and theories of universal grammar. But the advent of the brain scan seems to be reopening the question. What Wolf’s own views are it is impossible to say. Having presented the brain-scan evidence, she refrains from speculating about how the Chinese think. No doubt her failure to grasp this hot potato is a mark of prudence. All the same, it is a bit of a let-down for readers who have followed her excitedly through a couple of hundred pages.
/////////////////AKKADIAN LANGG OF MESOPOTAMIA-GILGAMESH
///////////////MORPHOPHONEMIC NATURE OF ENGLISH
///////////////ALSO EARLY-HEIROGLYPHICS OF EGYPTIANS-3100 BCE
////////////////......In Wolf’s view, the Sumerian cuneiform was a landmark accomplishment in the development of writing. For the first time since the beginning of civilization, “symbols rapidly became less pictographic and more logographic and abstract.” In fact, this change forced a reworking of human brain circuits:
“First, considerably more pathways in the visual and visual association regions would be necessary in order to decode what would eventually become hundreds of cuneiform characters…Second, the conceptual demands of a logosyllabary would inevitable involve more cognitive systems, which, in turn, would require more connections to visual areas in the occipital lobes, to language areas in the temporal lobes, and to the frontal lobes.”
////////////////egyptian alphabet...PROTO-CANAANITE....UGARITIC.....PHOENICIAN.....GREEK ALPHBT
//////////////Without words, without writing and without books there would be no history, there would be no concept of humanity."
/////////////LOGOSYLLABARY-SIMILARLY CONSTRUCTED WRITING-SUMERIAN AND CHINESE
/////////////FROM SUMERIAN-DD BY 1600 BCE TO AKKADIAN LANGG
///////////////////...But if an alphabet is so important, is it the case that humans who do not have an alphabet think differently from those who do? Does an alphabet build a different brain? It is not a trivial question, because one of the world’s main languages, Chinese, does not have an alphabet. Further, neuroscience can now demonstrate that not having an alphabet does indeed cause the brain to organise itself differently. Brain scans show that when someone reads an alphabetical language, such as English, specialised parts of the brain’s left hemisphere are activated. But when a Chinese speaker reads Chinese, quite different parts of the brain are used. They are in both hemispheres, and include frontal areas not used for reading by English readers. Since this proves that the Chinese reader’s brain is connected up differently, it prompts the question whether Chinese thought is different from western thought. Linguists used to argue that there is always a relationship between the language a person speaks and how that person understands the world. This idea fell out of favour under the influence of Chomskyan linguistics and theories of universal grammar. But the advent of the brain scan seems to be reopening the question. What Wolf’s own views are it is impossible to say. Having presented the brain-scan evidence, she refrains from speculating about how the Chinese think. No doubt her failure to grasp this hot potato is a mark of prudence. All the same, it is a bit of a let-down for readers who have followed her excitedly through a couple of hundred pages.
/////////////////AKKADIAN LANGG OF MESOPOTAMIA-GILGAMESH
///////////////MORPHOPHONEMIC NATURE OF ENGLISH
///////////////ALSO EARLY-HEIROGLYPHICS OF EGYPTIANS-3100 BCE
////////////////......In Wolf’s view, the Sumerian cuneiform was a landmark accomplishment in the development of writing. For the first time since the beginning of civilization, “symbols rapidly became less pictographic and more logographic and abstract.” In fact, this change forced a reworking of human brain circuits:
“First, considerably more pathways in the visual and visual association regions would be necessary in order to decode what would eventually become hundreds of cuneiform characters…Second, the conceptual demands of a logosyllabary would inevitable involve more cognitive systems, which, in turn, would require more connections to visual areas in the occipital lobes, to language areas in the temporal lobes, and to the frontal lobes.”
////////////////egyptian alphabet...PROTO-CANAANITE....UGARITIC.....PHOENICIAN.....GREEK ALPHBT
Monday 28 September 2009
ELAIDA-FRM COLUMBIA-GST TODAY
I hear, I know. I see, I remember. I do, I understand.
Confucius
////////////You cannot open a book without learning something.
Confucius
////////////
Confucius
////////////You cannot open a book without learning something.
Confucius
////////////
Sunday 20 September 2009
RD BK-VVKNNDA IN ENGLND-R DAS
////////////THE POPULAR HINDU MONK IN MARYLEBONE
////////////WILBERFORCE GRANDSON MEETS VVKANANDA
////////////WLBRFRCE-VDYASAGAR CONTEMPORARIES
/////////////EDUCATION-SCIENCE-KNOWLEDGE-TRUTH-REDUCTIONISM-HOLISM
/////////////VVKNANDA MEETS MAX MUELLER AT OXFORD-28051896
//////////////VVKANANDA MEETS ANNIE BEASANT-09071896
////////////VVKANANDA AND HIS BIKE TRIALS
//////////////23101896-VVKANANDA VISITED LNDN AQUARIUM
///////////21111896-VVKANANDA MEETS RANJI SINGHJI
//////////////LVRPOOL 210 MILES FRM LNDN
///////////////ROOMS IN GREEN AND QUIETNESS-1899
///////////////1977-TO BOURNE END CENTRE
/////////////TEN ACRES OF LAND
////////////
////////////WILBERFORCE GRANDSON MEETS VVKANANDA
////////////WLBRFRCE-VDYASAGAR CONTEMPORARIES
/////////////EDUCATION-SCIENCE-KNOWLEDGE-TRUTH-REDUCTIONISM-HOLISM
/////////////VVKNANDA MEETS MAX MUELLER AT OXFORD-28051896
//////////////VVKANANDA MEETS ANNIE BEASANT-09071896
////////////VVKANANDA AND HIS BIKE TRIALS
//////////////23101896-VVKANANDA VISITED LNDN AQUARIUM
///////////21111896-VVKANANDA MEETS RANJI SINGHJI
//////////////LVRPOOL 210 MILES FRM LNDN
///////////////ROOMS IN GREEN AND QUIETNESS-1899
///////////////1977-TO BOURNE END CENTRE
/////////////TEN ACRES OF LAND
////////////
CDS 200909-AN A/NOON IN VDANTA CNTR,BRNEND
//////////////MEDITATION-BOOKS-GARDEN
/////////////OLD ABHI-IN RKM-RKM PANTHEISM
////////////TILL THEY BAG HIM AND TAG HIM
//////// Listen to your hunger cues. Eat when hungry and stop when satisfied or comfortably full. “Try to gauge when you are 80 percent full and stop there,” says Clifford. “There will be more food at the next meal or snack!”
///////////////////To the ass, or the sow, their own offspring appears the fairest in creation.
~Proverb~
/////////////////COSMOTHEISM
//////////////TIPHILO=TAKE IT PHILOSOPHICALLY-NRT
/////////////////Ingurgitate (verb)
Pronunciation: [in-'gêr-jê-teyt]
Definition: To gulp, gobble, eat greedily in excessive amounts.
Usage: (There is an association here with a whirlpool (see Etymology), so we wouldn't have to fetch a vision of someone swallowing food like a whirlpool very far at all. The noun of today's word is "ingurgitation," the adjective "ingurtitative," and someone who ingurgitates would be an ingurgitator.
//////////////////////////TRISHNA-MOKSHA=Chapter II: Sankhya Yoga
(Krishna speaking to Arjuna)
II.66. There is no knowledge of the Self to the unsteady and to
the unsteady no meditation is possible, and to the unmeditative
there can be no peace, and to the man who has no peace, how can
there be happiness?
COMMENTARY: The man who cannot fix his mind in meditation cannot
have knowledge of the Self. The unsteady man cannot practise
meditation. He cannot have even intense devotion to Self-knowledge
nor can he have burning longing for liberation or 'Moksha'. He
who does not practise meditation cannot possess peace of mind.
How can the man who has no peace of mind enjoy happiness?
Desire or 'Trishna' (thirsting for sense-objects) is the
enemy of peace. There cannot be an iota or tinge of happiness for
a man who is thirsting for sensual objects. The mind will be ever
restless, and will be hankering for the objects. Only when this
thirsting dies, does man enjoy peace. Only then can he mediatate
and rest in the Self.
/////////////////SWAMI VIVEKANANDA SPENT 5 YRS ABROAD-275 DAYS IN UK-1895-1899
//////////////////100 YRS ON SLF RCHED VK
//////////////////////RMKRSNA BORN -1836-FTHR B 1936
////////////////////VVKNNDA B 1863-SLF 1964
//////////////////VVKNNDA STAYED IN READING...CHELSEA,LNDN....WSTMNSTR,WMBLDN,LVRPOOL
//////////////WMBLDN-SSTR NVEDITA LIVED
///////////////VVKNNDA STAYED IN PINKNEYS GREEN ,MAIDENHEAD-NOW THE MEAD HOUSE
////////////////PICCADILLY LECTURE -VVKNNDA-MORE PRINCE THAN A SWAMI
//////////////BALLOON SOCIETY LECTRS
///////////////PIMLICO LECTR
/////////////////JNANA AND KARMA
//////////////////CURRY IN A HURRY
////////////////IRREVERENTIAL
/////////////////UNORTHODOX
///////////////Amnesia (from Greek Ἀμνησία) is a memory condition in which memory is disturbed. In simple terms it is the loss of memory. The causes of amnesia are organic or functional. Organic causes include damage to the brain, through trauma or disease, or use of certain (generally sedative) drugs. Functional causes are psychological factors, such as defense mechanisms. Hysterical post-traumatic amnesia is an example of this. Amnesia may also be spontaneous, in the case of transient global amnesia.[1] This global type of amnesia is more common in middle-aged to elderly people, particularly males, and usually lasts less than 24 hours.
Another effect of amnesia is the inability to imagine the future. A recent study published online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences shows that amnesiacs with damaged hippocampus cannot imagine the future.[2] This is because a normal human being, imagining the future, uses past experiences to construct a possible scenario. For example, a person trying to imagine what would happen at a party set to occur in the near future would use past experience at parties to help construct the event.
//////////////////POOR ACCOMMODN OF VVKNNDA IN LNDN
//////////////////
/////////////OLD ABHI-IN RKM-RKM PANTHEISM
////////////TILL THEY BAG HIM AND TAG HIM
//////// Listen to your hunger cues. Eat when hungry and stop when satisfied or comfortably full. “Try to gauge when you are 80 percent full and stop there,” says Clifford. “There will be more food at the next meal or snack!”
///////////////////To the ass, or the sow, their own offspring appears the fairest in creation.
~Proverb~
/////////////////COSMOTHEISM
//////////////TIPHILO=TAKE IT PHILOSOPHICALLY-NRT
/////////////////Ingurgitate (verb)
Pronunciation: [in-'gêr-jê-teyt]
Definition: To gulp, gobble, eat greedily in excessive amounts.
Usage: (There is an association here with a whirlpool (see Etymology), so we wouldn't have to fetch a vision of someone swallowing food like a whirlpool very far at all. The noun of today's word is "ingurgitation," the adjective "ingurtitative," and someone who ingurgitates would be an ingurgitator.
//////////////////////////TRISHNA-MOKSHA=Chapter II: Sankhya Yoga
(Krishna speaking to Arjuna)
II.66. There is no knowledge of the Self to the unsteady and to
the unsteady no meditation is possible, and to the unmeditative
there can be no peace, and to the man who has no peace, how can
there be happiness?
COMMENTARY: The man who cannot fix his mind in meditation cannot
have knowledge of the Self. The unsteady man cannot practise
meditation. He cannot have even intense devotion to Self-knowledge
nor can he have burning longing for liberation or 'Moksha'. He
who does not practise meditation cannot possess peace of mind.
How can the man who has no peace of mind enjoy happiness?
Desire or 'Trishna' (thirsting for sense-objects) is the
enemy of peace. There cannot be an iota or tinge of happiness for
a man who is thirsting for sensual objects. The mind will be ever
restless, and will be hankering for the objects. Only when this
thirsting dies, does man enjoy peace. Only then can he mediatate
and rest in the Self.
/////////////////SWAMI VIVEKANANDA SPENT 5 YRS ABROAD-275 DAYS IN UK-1895-1899
//////////////////100 YRS ON SLF RCHED VK
//////////////////////RMKRSNA BORN -1836-FTHR B 1936
////////////////////VVKNNDA B 1863-SLF 1964
//////////////////VVKNNDA STAYED IN READING...CHELSEA,LNDN....WSTMNSTR,WMBLDN,LVRPOOL
//////////////WMBLDN-SSTR NVEDITA LIVED
///////////////VVKNNDA STAYED IN PINKNEYS GREEN ,MAIDENHEAD-NOW THE MEAD HOUSE
////////////////PICCADILLY LECTURE -VVKNNDA-MORE PRINCE THAN A SWAMI
//////////////BALLOON SOCIETY LECTRS
///////////////PIMLICO LECTR
/////////////////JNANA AND KARMA
//////////////////CURRY IN A HURRY
////////////////IRREVERENTIAL
/////////////////UNORTHODOX
///////////////Amnesia (from Greek Ἀμνησία) is a memory condition in which memory is disturbed. In simple terms it is the loss of memory. The causes of amnesia are organic or functional. Organic causes include damage to the brain, through trauma or disease, or use of certain (generally sedative) drugs. Functional causes are psychological factors, such as defense mechanisms. Hysterical post-traumatic amnesia is an example of this. Amnesia may also be spontaneous, in the case of transient global amnesia.[1] This global type of amnesia is more common in middle-aged to elderly people, particularly males, and usually lasts less than 24 hours.
Another effect of amnesia is the inability to imagine the future. A recent study published online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences shows that amnesiacs with damaged hippocampus cannot imagine the future.[2] This is because a normal human being, imagining the future, uses past experiences to construct a possible scenario. For example, a person trying to imagine what would happen at a party set to occur in the near future would use past experience at parties to help construct the event.
//////////////////POOR ACCOMMODN OF VVKNNDA IN LNDN
//////////////////
Saturday 19 September 2009
STRING THEORY
QUARKS>>>>STRINGS>>>>VIBRATE AND PRODUCE DIFF SUB ATOMIC PARTICLES
///////////////10 DIMENSIONS OF SPACE AND 1 DIMNSN OF TIME
/////////////////INTERTWINED GEOMETRY
////////////////CALOBIAN SHAPE
///////////////CAN WE TEST STRING THEORY? WAIT FOR CERN TO WORK AGAIN
//////////////GRAVITON DEBRIS TO BE EJECTED OUT IN CERN EXPT?
///////////////10 DIMENSIONS OF SPACE AND 1 DIMNSN OF TIME
/////////////////INTERTWINED GEOMETRY
////////////////CALOBIAN SHAPE
///////////////CAN WE TEST STRING THEORY? WAIT FOR CERN TO WORK AGAIN
//////////////GRAVITON DEBRIS TO BE EJECTED OUT IN CERN EXPT?
Friday 18 September 2009
DTR Tp CRSS-OCD READY-LK TUHINA CRSS EQVLNT
//////////////////AGNISHWAR MUKERJEE LIKE GRIEF RN-AMIC GRF RN
/////////////////RE SON CRBRL MALRIA DTH LIKE
//////////////////LUTON MN MASHI MESHO LIKE OCD
/////////////////BRUSHI MRDR LIKE OCD
////////////////SO MANY THINGS IN WYCOMBE CHANGED IN 14 DAYS WE WERE IN INDE
/////////////////HAVE I LOST FAITH?ACTING-JUST NS
/////////////////MORAL SIDE OF MURDER
////////////SENSE OF MORAL JUSTICE
////////////////morality is from our inner chimp
/////////////OUT OF COMPETITION OF RT AND WRONG IN BRAIN COMES OUT MORALITY
//////////////BASIC PRIMATE MORALITY -DOES NOT UNDERSTAND TAX EVASION BUT UNDERSTANDS FROM INNER CHIMP THAT DONT MURDER THE FAT MAN
////////////////DEFAULT RESPONSE-DONT KILL UR KIN
//////////////MORALITY EMBEDDED IN BRAIN CHEMISTRY
///////////////INNER CHIMP MORALITY -THATS EVOLN TALKING
//////////////Earth-like planet Corot-7b found outside solar system
//////////////PRIMATE SURVIVAL IS BY COOPERATION -BE IT CHIMP/MAN-SHARING-RECIPROCITY-EMPATHY-MORALITY
/////////////////EMPATHY IS MORALITY
//////////////
The cave you fear to enter holds the treasure you seek.
- Joseph Campbell
//////////////////GUILT IN MAN NOT IN APES/CHIMPS
///////////////gene baggage passed on to generations
///////////////////SOME T BECAME C.SOME A BECAME G
///////////////MOST MODERN SOCIETIE ARE MORE PLURAL
//////////////////BEREAVED PRNTS CUTTING OFF SOCIAL NETWORK AT HIGHER RISK OF ILLNESS AND MORTY
/////////////////PERSONAL PHILOSOPHY OF DTH COPE BETTER WITH DTH
//////////
/////////////////RE SON CRBRL MALRIA DTH LIKE
//////////////////LUTON MN MASHI MESHO LIKE OCD
/////////////////BRUSHI MRDR LIKE OCD
////////////////SO MANY THINGS IN WYCOMBE CHANGED IN 14 DAYS WE WERE IN INDE
/////////////////HAVE I LOST FAITH?ACTING-JUST NS
/////////////////MORAL SIDE OF MURDER
////////////SENSE OF MORAL JUSTICE
////////////////morality is from our inner chimp
/////////////OUT OF COMPETITION OF RT AND WRONG IN BRAIN COMES OUT MORALITY
//////////////BASIC PRIMATE MORALITY -DOES NOT UNDERSTAND TAX EVASION BUT UNDERSTANDS FROM INNER CHIMP THAT DONT MURDER THE FAT MAN
////////////////DEFAULT RESPONSE-DONT KILL UR KIN
//////////////MORALITY EMBEDDED IN BRAIN CHEMISTRY
///////////////INNER CHIMP MORALITY -THATS EVOLN TALKING
//////////////Earth-like planet Corot-7b found outside solar system
//////////////PRIMATE SURVIVAL IS BY COOPERATION -BE IT CHIMP/MAN-SHARING-RECIPROCITY-EMPATHY-MORALITY
/////////////////EMPATHY IS MORALITY
//////////////
The cave you fear to enter holds the treasure you seek.
- Joseph Campbell
//////////////////GUILT IN MAN NOT IN APES/CHIMPS
///////////////gene baggage passed on to generations
///////////////////SOME T BECAME C.SOME A BECAME G
///////////////MOST MODERN SOCIETIE ARE MORE PLURAL
//////////////////BEREAVED PRNTS CUTTING OFF SOCIAL NETWORK AT HIGHER RISK OF ILLNESS AND MORTY
/////////////////PERSONAL PHILOSOPHY OF DTH COPE BETTER WITH DTH
//////////
Wednesday 16 September 2009
DTH ANXTY-DR YALOM
OUR EXSTNCS FOREVER FORESHADOWED DY ANXTY OF DTH
////////////SORRROW ENTERS MY HEART.I AM AFRAID OF DTH-GILGAMESH
//////////EPICUREUS-ATARAXIA-TRANQUILITY-
//////////MEDICAL PHILOSOPHY OF EPICUREUS
/////////////6-PUBERTY-DTH GOES AWAY FROM MIND
///////////TEENAGERS -GET PREOCCUPIED WITH DTH-CONTEMPLATE SUICD
////////////////EMPTY NEST-MIDLF CRSS-THEN SUSTAINED DTH ANXTY
////////////////LIKE STARING AT THE SUN-ONLY SO LONG CANU LOOK AT DTH
///////////////TRANSCENDING DTH ANXTY BY MERGER INTO A CAUSE,COMMUNITY OR DIVINE DEITY
//////DTH ANXTY IS THE MOTHER OF ALL RELIGIONS
////////////////IDEA OF GD SOFTENS MORTALITY, AND PALLIATES FEARFUL ISOLATION BY OFFERING AN ETERNAL PRESENCE AND BLUEPRINT FOR A MEANINGFUL LF
///////////////EVERY JB CT IS A PERSONAL TRAGEDY
//////////////////
////////////SORRROW ENTERS MY HEART.I AM AFRAID OF DTH-GILGAMESH
//////////EPICUREUS-ATARAXIA-TRANQUILITY-
//////////MEDICAL PHILOSOPHY OF EPICUREUS
/////////////6-PUBERTY-DTH GOES AWAY FROM MIND
///////////TEENAGERS -GET PREOCCUPIED WITH DTH-CONTEMPLATE SUICD
////////////////EMPTY NEST-MIDLF CRSS-THEN SUSTAINED DTH ANXTY
////////////////LIKE STARING AT THE SUN-ONLY SO LONG CANU LOOK AT DTH
///////////////TRANSCENDING DTH ANXTY BY MERGER INTO A CAUSE,COMMUNITY OR DIVINE DEITY
//////DTH ANXTY IS THE MOTHER OF ALL RELIGIONS
////////////////IDEA OF GD SOFTENS MORTALITY, AND PALLIATES FEARFUL ISOLATION BY OFFERING AN ETERNAL PRESENCE AND BLUEPRINT FOR A MEANINGFUL LF
///////////////EVERY JB CT IS A PERSONAL TRAGEDY
//////////////////
COLONIA OF COLCHSTR
////////////////Tech addiction 'harms learning'
Technology addiction among young people is having a disruptive effect on their learning, a study suggests.
/////////////////RMNS FRM CLCHSTR TO ANGELSEA-MONA
//////////////
Day Care Doubles Early Respiratory Problems, Does Not Prevent Later Asthma And Allergy
////////////////BUDECA WIPED CLCHSTR OFF
///////////////Boudicca (died c.AD 60)
Imagined portrait of Boudicca ©
Boudicca was queen of the Iceni people of Eastern England and led a major uprising against occupying Roman forces.
Boudicca was married to Prasutagus, ruler of the Iceni people of East Anglia. When the Romans conquered southern England in AD 43, they allowed Prasutagus to continue to rule. However, when Prasutagus died the Romans decided to rule the Iceni directly and confiscated the property of the leading tribesmen. They are also said to have stripped and flogged Boudicca and raped her daughters. These actions exacerbated widespread resentment at Roman rule.
In 60 or 61 AD, while the Roman governor Gaius Suetonius Paullinus was leading a campaign in North Wales, the Iceni rebelled. Members of other tribes joined them.
Boudicca's warriors successfully defeated the Roman Ninth Legion and destroyed the capital of Roman Britain, then at Colchester. They went on to destroy London and Verulamium (St Albans). Thousands were killed. Finally, Boudicca was defeated by a Roman army led by Paulinus. Many Britons were killed and Boudicca is thought to have poisoned herself to avoid capture. The site of the battle, and of Boudicca's death, are unknown.
///////////////Shire horse
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the breed of horse. For the British band, see Shirehorses.
Shire
Shire horse
Distinguishing features: Draught horse, average height 17.2 hands high. Legs often have white stockings with long hairs ('feather')
Country of origin: United Kingdom
Breed standards
Shire Horse Society: Breed Standards
American Shire Horse Association: Breed Standards
The Shire horse is a breed of draught horse (BrE) or draft horse (AmE). It is the tallest of the modern draught breeds, and a stallion may stand 18 hands or more (about 180 cm). Their weight is frequently in the region of a short ton (910 kg or roughly 2000lbs).
Contents [hide]
1 Characteristics
2 Breed history
3 Uses
4 World records
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
[edit]Characteristics
Dark bay Shire horses at pasture
The Shire horse is a draught horse, with powerful and muscular build, a dense rounded body, a broad back, strong loins, powerful hind-quarters, and long legs with dense bones. The breed standard is set by the Shire Horse Society in the United Kingdom,[1] and the American Shire Horse Association in the United States.[2] Shire horses can be black, bay (sometimes called "brown"), or gray. In the United Kingdom Shire stallions must not be roan or chestnut, although mares and geldings can be roan. In the United States, roaning is considered "undesirable" but chestnut (also known as "sorrel") is permitted, though considered rare.[2] The legs should have white stockings or socks (except on gray horses). The hair down the back of the legs is called the "feather", while the hair over the foot is known as the "spats".
Shire horses average around 17.2 hands (178 cm) tall at maturity (measured at the withers, with the breed standard being at least 17 hands, although a Shire horse was recorded reaching over 21.2 hands (220 cm). The girth of a Shire horse varies from 6 feet (1.8 m) to 8 ft (2.4 m). Shire stallions weigh, on average, between 144 st (910 kg; 2,020 lb) and 176 st (1,120 kg; 2,460 lb).
The head should be long and lean, with a Roman nose and widely-spaced eyes. The breed standard specifies that the eyes should be docile in expression, and they are generally brown. The neck should be long and lean, with an arch. This leads to a short, muscular back, with no pronounced dipping or roaching.
[edit]Breed history
A pair of Shire horses ploughing
Like its close relative, the Clydesdale, the Shire horse is descended from the Great Horse brought to England in 1066 by William the Conqueror.[3][4] Only stallions were imported, to carry knights in armour into battle—weighing up to 32 stones (450 lb or 205 kg)—and it is probable that they bred with native mares in the vicinity. Though oxen were used for most farm work into the 18th century, horses 'fit for the dray, the plough, or the chariot' were on sale at Smithfield Market in London as early as 1145.[4]
////////////////WW1-KIHAD-DISCVRY KNWLDGE
/////////////ROUD BRISHTIR KHELA
Technology addiction among young people is having a disruptive effect on their learning, a study suggests.
/////////////////RMNS FRM CLCHSTR TO ANGELSEA-MONA
//////////////
Day Care Doubles Early Respiratory Problems, Does Not Prevent Later Asthma And Allergy
////////////////BUDECA WIPED CLCHSTR OFF
///////////////Boudicca (died c.AD 60)
Imagined portrait of Boudicca ©
Boudicca was queen of the Iceni people of Eastern England and led a major uprising against occupying Roman forces.
Boudicca was married to Prasutagus, ruler of the Iceni people of East Anglia. When the Romans conquered southern England in AD 43, they allowed Prasutagus to continue to rule. However, when Prasutagus died the Romans decided to rule the Iceni directly and confiscated the property of the leading tribesmen. They are also said to have stripped and flogged Boudicca and raped her daughters. These actions exacerbated widespread resentment at Roman rule.
In 60 or 61 AD, while the Roman governor Gaius Suetonius Paullinus was leading a campaign in North Wales, the Iceni rebelled. Members of other tribes joined them.
Boudicca's warriors successfully defeated the Roman Ninth Legion and destroyed the capital of Roman Britain, then at Colchester. They went on to destroy London and Verulamium (St Albans). Thousands were killed. Finally, Boudicca was defeated by a Roman army led by Paulinus. Many Britons were killed and Boudicca is thought to have poisoned herself to avoid capture. The site of the battle, and of Boudicca's death, are unknown.
///////////////Shire horse
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the breed of horse. For the British band, see Shirehorses.
Shire
Shire horse
Distinguishing features: Draught horse, average height 17.2 hands high. Legs often have white stockings with long hairs ('feather')
Country of origin: United Kingdom
Breed standards
Shire Horse Society: Breed Standards
American Shire Horse Association: Breed Standards
The Shire horse is a breed of draught horse (BrE) or draft horse (AmE). It is the tallest of the modern draught breeds, and a stallion may stand 18 hands or more (about 180 cm). Their weight is frequently in the region of a short ton (910 kg or roughly 2000lbs).
Contents [hide]
1 Characteristics
2 Breed history
3 Uses
4 World records
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
[edit]Characteristics
Dark bay Shire horses at pasture
The Shire horse is a draught horse, with powerful and muscular build, a dense rounded body, a broad back, strong loins, powerful hind-quarters, and long legs with dense bones. The breed standard is set by the Shire Horse Society in the United Kingdom,[1] and the American Shire Horse Association in the United States.[2] Shire horses can be black, bay (sometimes called "brown"), or gray. In the United Kingdom Shire stallions must not be roan or chestnut, although mares and geldings can be roan. In the United States, roaning is considered "undesirable" but chestnut (also known as "sorrel") is permitted, though considered rare.[2] The legs should have white stockings or socks (except on gray horses). The hair down the back of the legs is called the "feather", while the hair over the foot is known as the "spats".
Shire horses average around 17.2 hands (178 cm) tall at maturity (measured at the withers, with the breed standard being at least 17 hands, although a Shire horse was recorded reaching over 21.2 hands (220 cm). The girth of a Shire horse varies from 6 feet (1.8 m) to 8 ft (2.4 m). Shire stallions weigh, on average, between 144 st (910 kg; 2,020 lb) and 176 st (1,120 kg; 2,460 lb).
The head should be long and lean, with a Roman nose and widely-spaced eyes. The breed standard specifies that the eyes should be docile in expression, and they are generally brown. The neck should be long and lean, with an arch. This leads to a short, muscular back, with no pronounced dipping or roaching.
[edit]Breed history
A pair of Shire horses ploughing
Like its close relative, the Clydesdale, the Shire horse is descended from the Great Horse brought to England in 1066 by William the Conqueror.[3][4] Only stallions were imported, to carry knights in armour into battle—weighing up to 32 stones (450 lb or 205 kg)—and it is probable that they bred with native mares in the vicinity. Though oxen were used for most farm work into the 18th century, horses 'fit for the dray, the plough, or the chariot' were on sale at Smithfield Market in London as early as 1145.[4]
////////////////WW1-KIHAD-DISCVRY KNWLDGE
/////////////ROUD BRISHTIR KHELA
AAGEY SE RIGHT
When I do good, I feel good. When I do bad, I feel bad. And that is my religion."
– Abraham Lincoln
///////////////Direct Evidence Of Role Of Sleep In Memory Formation Is Uncovered (September 16, 2009) -- A research team has pinpointed for the first time the mechanism that takes place during sleep that causes learning and memory formation to occur. The team has determined that short transient brain events, called “sharp wave ripples,” are responsible for consolidating memory and transferring the learned information from the hippocampus to the neocortex, where long-term memories are stored. .
//////////////////Linking Epstein-Barr Virus To Multiple Sclerosis (September 15, 2009) -- Over the last 40 years, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been repeatedly associated with multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases. Researchers offer new data that further support the link. In the brain lesions of patients with multiple sclerosis her team found abnormal accumulation of EBV infected B lymphocytes. Similar findings were made in the pathological tissues of patients with other autoimmune diseases. ... > full story
/////////////////BLIND MN DLHI IAS BY WIFES EFFORTS
//////////////6 YRS OF OUR LIVES WE SPEND DREAMING
////////////////ENGLISH CHANNEL-34 KM SWIM
/////////////////BANANA-SLOW ENERGY RELEASE
//////////////////METAL DEFECT -IMPURITY IN TITANIUM>>>>>>CHAIN RN TO AR CRSH
/////////////////////SIOUX CRSH 1989-AFTER PLANE HAD 15K FLIGHTS OVER 17 YRS
/////////////////TINY METALLIC FLAW TO AR CRSH-NOW ROUTINELY INSPECTN PROCEDR TO PREVENT
////////////////SPACE DISASTERS-SALIVA /BLOOD CAN BCOME GASEOUS IF SPACE FIRE
///////////////////150909-WORLD LYMPHOMA DAY-SGATADAS FTHR
/////////////////
//////////////////
– Abraham Lincoln
///////////////Direct Evidence Of Role Of Sleep In Memory Formation Is Uncovered (September 16, 2009) -- A research team has pinpointed for the first time the mechanism that takes place during sleep that causes learning and memory formation to occur. The team has determined that short transient brain events, called “sharp wave ripples,” are responsible for consolidating memory and transferring the learned information from the hippocampus to the neocortex, where long-term memories are stored. .
//////////////////Linking Epstein-Barr Virus To Multiple Sclerosis (September 15, 2009) -- Over the last 40 years, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been repeatedly associated with multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases. Researchers offer new data that further support the link. In the brain lesions of patients with multiple sclerosis her team found abnormal accumulation of EBV infected B lymphocytes. Similar findings were made in the pathological tissues of patients with other autoimmune diseases. ... > full story
/////////////////BLIND MN DLHI IAS BY WIFES EFFORTS
//////////////6 YRS OF OUR LIVES WE SPEND DREAMING
////////////////ENGLISH CHANNEL-34 KM SWIM
/////////////////BANANA-SLOW ENERGY RELEASE
//////////////////METAL DEFECT -IMPURITY IN TITANIUM>>>>>>CHAIN RN TO AR CRSH
/////////////////////SIOUX CRSH 1989-AFTER PLANE HAD 15K FLIGHTS OVER 17 YRS
/////////////////TINY METALLIC FLAW TO AR CRSH-NOW ROUTINELY INSPECTN PROCEDR TO PREVENT
////////////////SPACE DISASTERS-SALIVA /BLOOD CAN BCOME GASEOUS IF SPACE FIRE
///////////////////150909-WORLD LYMPHOMA DAY-SGATADAS FTHR
/////////////////
//////////////////
Saturday 12 September 2009
JA BAKI RPOILO
//////////////////////////////////DIETWALK SATYAGRAHA FOR WAD OBESITY CRSS
/////////////////////////////////All I can say about life is, Oh God, enjoy it!"
-- Bob Newhart
////////////////////////////////That is, however, an introduction Hiroko would disdain for reducing her to a mere “hibakusha”—bomb survivor—“the most hated word in her vocabulary. And the most powerful.”
/////////////////////////////////ajab gayer ajab kotha-TAPAN SINHA
/////////////////////////////////AKAL TO MAHAKAAL
///////////////////////////////////////DUKKHAHARAN NA DUKKHABARAN
////////////////////////////////////////POST PRNTS-ANY ATTRACTN TO KOL?
//////////////////////////////////////////A man cannot be comfortable without his own approval."
– Mark Twain
//////////////////////////////////BANKURA ACCENT LIKE SCOTTISH ACCNT
//////////////////////////////////hapter II: Sankhya Yoga
(Krishna speaking to Arjuna)
II.47. Thy right is to work only, but never with its fruits; let
not the fruits of action be thy motive, nor let thy attachment be
to inaction.
COMMENTARY: When you perform actions have no desire for the fruits
thereof under any circumstances. If you thirst for the fruits of
your actions, you will have to take birth again and again to enjoy
them. Action done with expectation of fruits(rewards) brings
bondage. If you do not thirst for them, you get purification of
heart and you will get knowledge of the Self through purity of
heart through the knowledge of the Self you will be freed from the
round of births and deaths.
Neither let thy attachement be towards inaction thinking "what
is the use of doing actions when I cannot get any reward for them?"
In a broad sense Karma means action. It also means duty which
one has to perform according to his caste or station of life.
According to the followers of the Karma Kanda of the Vedas (the
Mimamsakas) Karma means the rituals and sacrifices prescribed in
the Vedas. It has a deep meaning also. It signifies the destiny
or the storehouse of tendencies of a man which give rise to his
future birth.
///////////////////////////////TEMPORAL LOBE SENSY DICTATES RELIGIOSITY
///////////////////////////n 1796, life expectancy hovered around 24 years. A hundred years later it doubled to 48. In our modern world of air conditioners, hand washing and booster shots, you have a good chance of living 63 years, which is the world average. However, for those fortunate enough to live in a first-world country, lifespan jumps considerably."
/////////////////////////////First, unless you buy a thousand acres of land and have your own city built to order, cities get their shapes via (political and economic) selection forces over many decades. Like brains, cities evolve: ones that are not well organized wilt (people move away over time) or modify themselves to become more efficient.
Second, cities interconnect themselves with highways, and are under selection pressure to connect themselves efficiently. Highways break out of the two dimensional street grid, and “pull” the city’s edges closer to one another. Brains, too, have highways: white matter axons. The pyramidal neurons in the cortex send their axons out of the gray matter to faraway parts of the cortex.
////////////////////////////OXYTOCIN AND BONDING
////////////////////////////////NEUROBIOLOGY OF PLEASURE-SEROTONIN?
///////////////////////////////Chapter II: Sankhya Yoga
(Krishna speaking to Arjuna)
II.51. The wise, possessed of knowledge, having abandoned the
fruits of their actions, and being freed from the fetters of
birth, go the the place which is beyond all evil.
COMMENTARY: Clinging to the fruits of actions is the cause of
rebirth. Man takes a body to enjoy them. If anyone performs
actions for the sake of God in fulfilment of His purpose without
desire for the fruits, he is released from the bonds of birth and
attains to the blissful state or the immortal abode.
Sages who possess evenness of mind abandon the fruits of
their actions and thus escape from good and bad actions.
'Buddhi' referred to in the three verses 49,50 and 51 may be the
wisdom of the Sankhyas, i.e. the knowledge of the Self or Atma-
Jnana which dawns when the mind is purified by Karma Yoga.
////////////////////////////////HYPNOTIC BACKLASH
////////////////////////////////Chapter II: Sankhya Yoga
(Krishna speaking to Arjuna)
II.26. But even if thou thinkest of It as being constantly born
and constantly dying, enven then, O mighty-armed, thou shouldst
not grieve.
COMMENTARY: Lord Krishna here, for the sake of argument, takes up
the popular supposition. Granting that the Self is again and
again born whenever a body comes into being, and again and again
dies whenever the body dies, O mighty-armed (O Arjuna of great
valour and strength), thou shouldst not grieve thus, because birth
is inevitable to what is dead and death is inevitable to what is
born. This is the inexorable or unrelenting Law of Nature.
JANMILE MORITE HOBE,AMAR KE KOTHA KOBE
//////////////////////////////////////DUSTY-SOUL SINGR-SPS DTH WITH BRST CA-COMPLICATED MEMORIES
/////////////////////////////////JA BAKI ROILO-SOUMITRA CHATTERJEE
////////////////////////////////
/////////////////////////////////All I can say about life is, Oh God, enjoy it!"
-- Bob Newhart
////////////////////////////////That is, however, an introduction Hiroko would disdain for reducing her to a mere “hibakusha”—bomb survivor—“the most hated word in her vocabulary. And the most powerful.”
/////////////////////////////////ajab gayer ajab kotha-TAPAN SINHA
/////////////////////////////////AKAL TO MAHAKAAL
///////////////////////////////////////DUKKHAHARAN NA DUKKHABARAN
////////////////////////////////////////POST PRNTS-ANY ATTRACTN TO KOL?
//////////////////////////////////////////A man cannot be comfortable without his own approval."
– Mark Twain
//////////////////////////////////BANKURA ACCENT LIKE SCOTTISH ACCNT
//////////////////////////////////hapter II: Sankhya Yoga
(Krishna speaking to Arjuna)
II.47. Thy right is to work only, but never with its fruits; let
not the fruits of action be thy motive, nor let thy attachment be
to inaction.
COMMENTARY: When you perform actions have no desire for the fruits
thereof under any circumstances. If you thirst for the fruits of
your actions, you will have to take birth again and again to enjoy
them. Action done with expectation of fruits(rewards) brings
bondage. If you do not thirst for them, you get purification of
heart and you will get knowledge of the Self through purity of
heart through the knowledge of the Self you will be freed from the
round of births and deaths.
Neither let thy attachement be towards inaction thinking "what
is the use of doing actions when I cannot get any reward for them?"
In a broad sense Karma means action. It also means duty which
one has to perform according to his caste or station of life.
According to the followers of the Karma Kanda of the Vedas (the
Mimamsakas) Karma means the rituals and sacrifices prescribed in
the Vedas. It has a deep meaning also. It signifies the destiny
or the storehouse of tendencies of a man which give rise to his
future birth.
///////////////////////////////TEMPORAL LOBE SENSY DICTATES RELIGIOSITY
///////////////////////////n 1796, life expectancy hovered around 24 years. A hundred years later it doubled to 48. In our modern world of air conditioners, hand washing and booster shots, you have a good chance of living 63 years, which is the world average. However, for those fortunate enough to live in a first-world country, lifespan jumps considerably."
/////////////////////////////First, unless you buy a thousand acres of land and have your own city built to order, cities get their shapes via (political and economic) selection forces over many decades. Like brains, cities evolve: ones that are not well organized wilt (people move away over time) or modify themselves to become more efficient.
Second, cities interconnect themselves with highways, and are under selection pressure to connect themselves efficiently. Highways break out of the two dimensional street grid, and “pull” the city’s edges closer to one another. Brains, too, have highways: white matter axons. The pyramidal neurons in the cortex send their axons out of the gray matter to faraway parts of the cortex.
////////////////////////////OXYTOCIN AND BONDING
////////////////////////////////NEUROBIOLOGY OF PLEASURE-SEROTONIN?
///////////////////////////////Chapter II: Sankhya Yoga
(Krishna speaking to Arjuna)
II.51. The wise, possessed of knowledge, having abandoned the
fruits of their actions, and being freed from the fetters of
birth, go the the place which is beyond all evil.
COMMENTARY: Clinging to the fruits of actions is the cause of
rebirth. Man takes a body to enjoy them. If anyone performs
actions for the sake of God in fulfilment of His purpose without
desire for the fruits, he is released from the bonds of birth and
attains to the blissful state or the immortal abode.
Sages who possess evenness of mind abandon the fruits of
their actions and thus escape from good and bad actions.
'Buddhi' referred to in the three verses 49,50 and 51 may be the
wisdom of the Sankhyas, i.e. the knowledge of the Self or Atma-
Jnana which dawns when the mind is purified by Karma Yoga.
////////////////////////////////HYPNOTIC BACKLASH
////////////////////////////////Chapter II: Sankhya Yoga
(Krishna speaking to Arjuna)
II.26. But even if thou thinkest of It as being constantly born
and constantly dying, enven then, O mighty-armed, thou shouldst
not grieve.
COMMENTARY: Lord Krishna here, for the sake of argument, takes up
the popular supposition. Granting that the Self is again and
again born whenever a body comes into being, and again and again
dies whenever the body dies, O mighty-armed (O Arjuna of great
valour and strength), thou shouldst not grieve thus, because birth
is inevitable to what is dead and death is inevitable to what is
born. This is the inexorable or unrelenting Law of Nature.
JANMILE MORITE HOBE,AMAR KE KOTHA KOBE
//////////////////////////////////////DUSTY-SOUL SINGR-SPS DTH WITH BRST CA-COMPLICATED MEMORIES
/////////////////////////////////JA BAKI ROILO-SOUMITRA CHATTERJEE
////////////////////////////////
Thursday 10 September 2009
d2/14 kol hol
/pst,prsnt,futr tearing self
apart
2/pal line post prnt dth
3/CLIB
4/NCP,NTIM
5/LAWYERS-GON CHOUDHURY,GHOSH-LKT
6/RELIANCE BROADBAND CONNECT USB
7/How To Improve Your Marriage Without Talking About It
Forget everything you've heard about frankness, sharing your feelings, getting him to express his. Research into the functions of the male mind makes it clear that discussion may be the fastest way to shut down communication. (Oh, you noticed that, have you?)
Add page to favoritesBy Barbara Graham from "O, The Oprah Magazine"
More On Oprah.com
How to get through to your man
Are you a nag? How to stop
Before your next fight—read this!
5 ways to avoid getting angry
The secrets to a happy marriage
When I first heard about the book, I thought it was a gimmick. How to Improve Your Marriage Without Talking About It sounded like a title somebody's prankster husband dreamed up after a rocky couples' therapy session. When I mentioned it to Hugh, my own husband — who in 22 years of marriage has never once said, "Honey, we need to talk" — his face lit up like the Fourth of July. Needless to say, I was suspicious. What about the vast repertoire of communication skills women have spent decades perfecting? Were Patricia Love and Steven Stosny, the psychotherapists who coauthored the book, advising us to forget everything we've learned and rethink how we relate to our partners?
The answer is yes — and they're not kidding.
"The number one myth about relationships is that talking helps. The truth is, more often than not, it makes things worse," says Love, a tall, lean redhead with a down-home Texas twang and a generous smile. She is cofounder of the Austin Family Institute, and leads workshops around the country when she isn't making television appearances or cowriting books, including the best-selling Hot Monogamy.
"Talking about feelings, which is soothing to women, makes men physically uncomfortable," says Stosny, the Maryland-based author of You Don't Have to Take It Anymore and an expert on male aggression. "There's literally more blood flow to their muscles. They get fidgety, and women think they're not listening."
We're relaxing in the sunroom of my house in Washington, D.C., on a golden autumn morning. I learn that it was Stosny's research into the core emotional differences between the sexes that radically altered his thinking, as well as the way he works with clients. When he shared his findings with his friend and colleague Pat Love, they rang true to her, even though they flew in the face of the verbal problem-solving approach she'd been using for 30 years.
According to Stosny's analysis of several hundred human and animal studies, male and female responses to stress are distinct from birth. "When a baby girl hears a loud noise or gets anxious, she wants to make eye contact with someone, but a baby boy will react to the same sound by looking around, in a fight-or-flight response," he says. What's more, while newborn girls are much more easily frightened, boys have five times as many "startle" reactions, which are emotionally neutral but pump up adrenaline. Boys need to intermittently withdraw into themselves to keep from becoming overstimulated. These differences hold true for most social animals and correlate with our biological roles: The female's fear response is an early warning system that serves to detect threats and alert the males of the pack to danger.
As girls grow, they go beyond needing eye contact and refine a coping strategy identified by UCLA psychologists as "tend and befriend." If there's a conflict, girls and women want to talk about it. Boys and men, however, need to pull away. A man's greatest suffering, Stosny says, comes from the shame he feels when he doesn't measure up—which is why discussing relationship problems (i.e., what he's doing wrong) offers about as much comfort as sleeping on a bed of nails.
So, I wonder, does this explain why, when I reach out and tell Hugh I'm feeling isolated from him — on the assumption that this will foster closeness — he gets defensive or withdraws? Do my verbal attempts to reestablish intimacy make him feel inadequate? Is that why he gets that glazed look in his eye and is suddenly compelled to watch men tossing balls on TV?
Yes, yes, and yes, replies Love. And our responses aren't all in our heads. When a man feels shamed by a woman's criticism, his body is flooded with cortisol, a stress hormone whose effect is decidedly unpleasant. A woman experiences a similar cortisol rush whenever her husband shouts at her, ignores her, or otherwise does something that scares her and seems to threaten their bond. Love compares the sensation that accompanies the sudden release of cortisol to sticking your finger in an electric socket, followed by the sort of "sugar blues" crash that occurs after you polish off a few too many glazed doughnuts. "A cortisol hangover can last for hours in men and up to several days in women," Love says. "It's no wonder both sexes try to prevent it."
Okay, this makes sense, but if talking about relationships makes men twitchy and drunk on cortisol, then what's the alternative? Charades?
"It's the connection, stupid!" exclaims Love, quickly adding that it's not me personally she's calling stupid. "Everyone — men, women, myself included — needs to learn that before we can communicate with words, we need to connect nonverbally. We can do that in simple ways, through touch, sex, doing things together. The deepest moments of intimacy occur when you're not talking."
Stosny puts it this way: "We need to stop trying to assess the bonding verbally and instead let the words come out of the bonding." Interestingly, he adds, "When couples feel connected, men want to talk more and women need to talk less, so they meet somewhere in the middle. Being aware of the fear-shame dynamic helps."
To Improve Your Marriage Without Talking About It
Add page to favorites
(Continued)
• < Prev
• 1
• 2
More On Oprah.com
How to get through to your man
Are you a nag? How to stop
Before your next fight—read this!
5 ways to avoid getting angry
The secrets to a happy marriage
To illustrate the point, Love tells the story of an afternoon when she and her husband were lying in bed after showering. "I was wondering if he'd initiate sex, when all of a sudden in my mind I crossed over to his side of the bed and got a sense of what it was like to be him, never knowing if he's going to be accepted or rejected. It was terrifying. I understood then how deeply ashamed that must make him feel," she recalls. "It was an epiphany that changed my life." She immediately began emphasizing compassion in her work with clients, and has come to believe — as does Stosny — that it's even more crucial to the success of a long-term relationship than love.
The tricky part is that men and women must empathize with vulnerabilities they don't feel to the same degree — namely fear and shame. To do this requires what the authors call binocular vision, in which each partner makes a conscious effort to consider the other's point of view. "The problem is that when you're angry, you're wrong even when you're right because you can't see the other person's perspective," Stosny says. "That's when you lose the thing you long for most, the connection."
Okay, I get it: Connection rules. But it's hard to imagine most people being capable of reaching out to their partners in the heat of an argument. Love and Stosny acknowledge that it's a tall order. Still, they say, for couples to productively address the hurt that underlies anger, it helps to have a previously agreed-upon signal such as a hand gesture to keep disagreements from spiraling out of control. This doesn't mean they should try to ignore their feelings, but instead find a way to convey that the other person matters more than whatever they're resentful or anxious about—and then talk. The beautiful part, Love says, is that "it takes only one person to make the gesture. The partner will feel the impact, even if he or she can't drop the anger right at that moment."
Admittedly, this approach is most effective for couples in a precrisis state, Stosny says, "when there's still time for the man to step up to the plate and stop withdrawing or being reactive, and for the woman to understand that her husband really does want to make her happy and to stop being so critical. Men are better able to stay in the room and listen to women if they don't think they're being blamed for their distress."
But ultimately, Love adds, "couples have to decide that the relationship is more important than all those things they do that annoy each other."
"Even when Hugh throws his sopping wet towel on the bed, forgets to put gas in the car, or stares into space when I try to tell him something that really matters to me?" I ask, only half joking.
"If you give him positive reinforcement instead of criticizing him, he'll start doing more of the things you want him to do," Love says.
The next night over dinner, I give it a whirl. "I love it when you put gas in the car and hang up your wet towel," I say. He looks at me like I've gone off the deep end. "What's up?" he asks suspiciously. "Why are you being so nice?"
But a few days later when I'm distraught over a potentially scary mammogram report and he jumps in too quickly to reassure me that everything will turn out fine (it does), I decide to try out the binocular vision that Love and Stosny recommend. That's when I see that Hugh feels like a failure because he wants to make things better and he can't.
So instead of my usual knee-jerk irritability at what I perceive as his lack of sensitivity, I say, "I'm terrified and I just need you to listen." Which he does, patiently, lovingly. After I've finished reciting my laundry list of fears, he holds me close and neither of us says anything for a long time. We don't need to.
It's the connection, stupid!
More from MSN Lifestyle Site Search: For additional content on communication techniques, click here.
By Barbara Graham from O, The Oprah Magazine © 2009 Harpo Productions, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
///////////////////////////
7/etrom-evrythng rns on mney
8/shkti-pal dth care
9/
apart
2/pal line post prnt dth
3/CLIB
4/NCP,NTIM
5/LAWYERS-GON CHOUDHURY,GHOSH-LKT
6/RELIANCE BROADBAND CONNECT USB
7/How To Improve Your Marriage Without Talking About It
Forget everything you've heard about frankness, sharing your feelings, getting him to express his. Research into the functions of the male mind makes it clear that discussion may be the fastest way to shut down communication. (Oh, you noticed that, have you?)
Add page to favoritesBy Barbara Graham from "O, The Oprah Magazine"
More On Oprah.com
How to get through to your man
Are you a nag? How to stop
Before your next fight—read this!
5 ways to avoid getting angry
The secrets to a happy marriage
When I first heard about the book, I thought it was a gimmick. How to Improve Your Marriage Without Talking About It sounded like a title somebody's prankster husband dreamed up after a rocky couples' therapy session. When I mentioned it to Hugh, my own husband — who in 22 years of marriage has never once said, "Honey, we need to talk" — his face lit up like the Fourth of July. Needless to say, I was suspicious. What about the vast repertoire of communication skills women have spent decades perfecting? Were Patricia Love and Steven Stosny, the psychotherapists who coauthored the book, advising us to forget everything we've learned and rethink how we relate to our partners?
The answer is yes — and they're not kidding.
"The number one myth about relationships is that talking helps. The truth is, more often than not, it makes things worse," says Love, a tall, lean redhead with a down-home Texas twang and a generous smile. She is cofounder of the Austin Family Institute, and leads workshops around the country when she isn't making television appearances or cowriting books, including the best-selling Hot Monogamy.
"Talking about feelings, which is soothing to women, makes men physically uncomfortable," says Stosny, the Maryland-based author of You Don't Have to Take It Anymore and an expert on male aggression. "There's literally more blood flow to their muscles. They get fidgety, and women think they're not listening."
We're relaxing in the sunroom of my house in Washington, D.C., on a golden autumn morning. I learn that it was Stosny's research into the core emotional differences between the sexes that radically altered his thinking, as well as the way he works with clients. When he shared his findings with his friend and colleague Pat Love, they rang true to her, even though they flew in the face of the verbal problem-solving approach she'd been using for 30 years.
According to Stosny's analysis of several hundred human and animal studies, male and female responses to stress are distinct from birth. "When a baby girl hears a loud noise or gets anxious, she wants to make eye contact with someone, but a baby boy will react to the same sound by looking around, in a fight-or-flight response," he says. What's more, while newborn girls are much more easily frightened, boys have five times as many "startle" reactions, which are emotionally neutral but pump up adrenaline. Boys need to intermittently withdraw into themselves to keep from becoming overstimulated. These differences hold true for most social animals and correlate with our biological roles: The female's fear response is an early warning system that serves to detect threats and alert the males of the pack to danger.
As girls grow, they go beyond needing eye contact and refine a coping strategy identified by UCLA psychologists as "tend and befriend." If there's a conflict, girls and women want to talk about it. Boys and men, however, need to pull away. A man's greatest suffering, Stosny says, comes from the shame he feels when he doesn't measure up—which is why discussing relationship problems (i.e., what he's doing wrong) offers about as much comfort as sleeping on a bed of nails.
So, I wonder, does this explain why, when I reach out and tell Hugh I'm feeling isolated from him — on the assumption that this will foster closeness — he gets defensive or withdraws? Do my verbal attempts to reestablish intimacy make him feel inadequate? Is that why he gets that glazed look in his eye and is suddenly compelled to watch men tossing balls on TV?
Yes, yes, and yes, replies Love. And our responses aren't all in our heads. When a man feels shamed by a woman's criticism, his body is flooded with cortisol, a stress hormone whose effect is decidedly unpleasant. A woman experiences a similar cortisol rush whenever her husband shouts at her, ignores her, or otherwise does something that scares her and seems to threaten their bond. Love compares the sensation that accompanies the sudden release of cortisol to sticking your finger in an electric socket, followed by the sort of "sugar blues" crash that occurs after you polish off a few too many glazed doughnuts. "A cortisol hangover can last for hours in men and up to several days in women," Love says. "It's no wonder both sexes try to prevent it."
Okay, this makes sense, but if talking about relationships makes men twitchy and drunk on cortisol, then what's the alternative? Charades?
"It's the connection, stupid!" exclaims Love, quickly adding that it's not me personally she's calling stupid. "Everyone — men, women, myself included — needs to learn that before we can communicate with words, we need to connect nonverbally. We can do that in simple ways, through touch, sex, doing things together. The deepest moments of intimacy occur when you're not talking."
Stosny puts it this way: "We need to stop trying to assess the bonding verbally and instead let the words come out of the bonding." Interestingly, he adds, "When couples feel connected, men want to talk more and women need to talk less, so they meet somewhere in the middle. Being aware of the fear-shame dynamic helps."
To Improve Your Marriage Without Talking About It
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More On Oprah.com
How to get through to your man
Are you a nag? How to stop
Before your next fight—read this!
5 ways to avoid getting angry
The secrets to a happy marriage
To illustrate the point, Love tells the story of an afternoon when she and her husband were lying in bed after showering. "I was wondering if he'd initiate sex, when all of a sudden in my mind I crossed over to his side of the bed and got a sense of what it was like to be him, never knowing if he's going to be accepted or rejected. It was terrifying. I understood then how deeply ashamed that must make him feel," she recalls. "It was an epiphany that changed my life." She immediately began emphasizing compassion in her work with clients, and has come to believe — as does Stosny — that it's even more crucial to the success of a long-term relationship than love.
The tricky part is that men and women must empathize with vulnerabilities they don't feel to the same degree — namely fear and shame. To do this requires what the authors call binocular vision, in which each partner makes a conscious effort to consider the other's point of view. "The problem is that when you're angry, you're wrong even when you're right because you can't see the other person's perspective," Stosny says. "That's when you lose the thing you long for most, the connection."
Okay, I get it: Connection rules. But it's hard to imagine most people being capable of reaching out to their partners in the heat of an argument. Love and Stosny acknowledge that it's a tall order. Still, they say, for couples to productively address the hurt that underlies anger, it helps to have a previously agreed-upon signal such as a hand gesture to keep disagreements from spiraling out of control. This doesn't mean they should try to ignore their feelings, but instead find a way to convey that the other person matters more than whatever they're resentful or anxious about—and then talk. The beautiful part, Love says, is that "it takes only one person to make the gesture. The partner will feel the impact, even if he or she can't drop the anger right at that moment."
Admittedly, this approach is most effective for couples in a precrisis state, Stosny says, "when there's still time for the man to step up to the plate and stop withdrawing or being reactive, and for the woman to understand that her husband really does want to make her happy and to stop being so critical. Men are better able to stay in the room and listen to women if they don't think they're being blamed for their distress."
But ultimately, Love adds, "couples have to decide that the relationship is more important than all those things they do that annoy each other."
"Even when Hugh throws his sopping wet towel on the bed, forgets to put gas in the car, or stares into space when I try to tell him something that really matters to me?" I ask, only half joking.
"If you give him positive reinforcement instead of criticizing him, he'll start doing more of the things you want him to do," Love says.
The next night over dinner, I give it a whirl. "I love it when you put gas in the car and hang up your wet towel," I say. He looks at me like I've gone off the deep end. "What's up?" he asks suspiciously. "Why are you being so nice?"
But a few days later when I'm distraught over a potentially scary mammogram report and he jumps in too quickly to reassure me that everything will turn out fine (it does), I decide to try out the binocular vision that Love and Stosny recommend. That's when I see that Hugh feels like a failure because he wants to make things better and he can't.
So instead of my usual knee-jerk irritability at what I perceive as his lack of sensitivity, I say, "I'm terrified and I just need you to listen." Which he does, patiently, lovingly. After I've finished reciting my laundry list of fears, he holds me close and neither of us says anything for a long time. We don't need to.
It's the connection, stupid!
More from MSN Lifestyle Site Search: For additional content on communication techniques, click here.
By Barbara Graham from O, The Oprah Magazine © 2009 Harpo Productions, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
///////////////////////////
7/etrom-evrythng rns on mney
8/shkti-pal dth care
9/
ADHD=NABC
ADHD brain chemistry clue found
Levels of ADHD have been rising
US researchers have pinned down new differences in the brain chemistry of people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
They found ADHD patients lack key proteins which allow them to experience a sense of reward and motivation.
The Brookhaven National Laboratory study appears in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
It is hoped it could help in the design of new ways to combat the condition.
For far too long there has been an assumption that children with ADHD are deliberately wilful
Andrea Bilbow
ADDISS
Previous research looking at the brains of people with ADHD had uncovered differences in areas controlling attention and hyperactivity.
But this study suggests ADHD has a profound impact elsewhere in the brain too.
Researcher Dr Nora Volkow said: "These deficits in the brain's reward system may help explain clinical symptoms of ADHD, including inattention and reduced motivation, as well as the propensity for complications such as drug abuse and obesity among ADHD patients."
The researchers compared brain scans of 53 adult ADHD patients who had never received treatment with those from 44 people who did not have the condition.
All of the participants had been carefully screened to eliminate factors which could potentially skew the results.
Dopamine pathway
Using a sophisticated form of scan called positron emission tomography (PET), the researchers focused on how the participants' brains handled the chemical dopamine, a key regulator of mood.
In particular they measured levels of two proteins - dopamine receptors and transporters - without which dopamine cannot function effectively to influence mood.
ADHD patients had lower levels of both proteins in two areas of the brain known as the nucleus accumbens and midbrain.
Both form part of the limbic system, responsible for the emotions, and sensations such as motivation and reward.
Patients with more pronounced ADHD symptoms had the lowest levels of the proteins in these areas.
It suggests that teachers need to make sure that school tasks are interesting and exciting, so that children with ADHD are motivated to remain interested
Professor Katya Rubia
Dr Volkow said the findings supported the use of stimulant medications to treat ADHD by raising dopamine levels.
The findings also support the theory that people with ADHD may be more prone to drug abuse and obesity because they are unconsciously attempting to compensate for a deficient reward system.
Andrea Bilbow, of the ADHD charity ADDISS, said the study might help convince people who argue that ADHD is more to do with bad parenting than any concrete medical difference.
She said: "The findings of this new research will go a long way to helping us understand the presentation of symptoms but more importantly it may give teachers more of an idea of what interventions should be used in the classroom in order to accommodate children with ADHD.
"For far too long there has been an assumption that children with ADHD are deliberately wilful which has led to mismanagement and ultimately permanent exclusions from school."
Professor Katya Rubia, of London's Institute of Psychiatry, said: "This study widens our horizons. It shows that ADHD is not just about abnormalities in the attention systems of the brain, but also abnormalities in the motivation and emotion centres.
"It suggests that teachers need to make sure that school tasks are interesting and exciting, so that children with ADHD are motivated to remain interested."
//////////////////Irlen Syndrome is a possible explanation for the average to gifted
student who avoids reading or cannot read and for the
learning-disabled student who struggles with reading. Helen Irlen, a
school psychologist, worked with college students with reading
difficulties. The students had average to above-average intelligence.
They reported symptoms that occurred when reading that no one had
identified before such as: migraines and headaches, falling asleep,
words switching around, print moving or vibrating, the text becoming
3D, the brightness of the page hurting their eyes, print becoming
blurry, and words blending into each other. Irlen found that placing
colored overlays over the reading material improved the student's
comprehension, fluency, comfort, and attention.
/////////////////////Severed Lizard Tail Has a Mind of Its Own
By LiveScience Staff
posted: 09 September 2009 07:10 am ET
Buzz up!
Comments (20) | Recommend (6)
The tail of a leopard gecko (Eublepharis macularius), has a mind of its own. Once shed from the lizard's body, the tail completes complex jumps and lunges. Credit: Tim Higham
Full Size
1 of 1
It's amazing enough that lizards can shed their tails as a decoy for predators and entertainment for young boys. But a new study of geckos documents an incredible set of acrobatics that these severed tails perform.
Though it might seem as though a lizard loses its tail because it's pulled off, in fact the lizards control the severing, apparently when they sense they're about to become dinner.
The tails exhibit not only rhythmic but also complex movements, including flips, jumps and lunges, after the tails are shed, Anthony Russell of the University of Calgary and Tim Higham of Clemson University report in the journal Biology Letters.
No previous study had quantified movement patterns of the tail by examining the relationship between such patterns and muscular activity.
The new study shows that the signals responsible for movements of the shed tail begin at the very far end of the tail, in a portion of the spinal cord, indicating that there is a control center located there that is likely overridden by higher centers until the tail is shed, at which point its circus-like performing potential is realized.
The findings suggest a model for studying the complex functions of the human spinal cord and the effects of spinal cord injuries.
"Much is known about the ecological ramifications of tail loss, such as distracting predators, storing energy reserves and establishing social status but little is known about the pattern and control of movement of automized gecko tails," Russell said. "What we've discovered is that the tail does not simply oscillate in a repetitive fashion, but has an intricate repertoire of varied and highly complex movements, including acrobatic flips up to 3 centimeters [1.1 inches] in height."
But how?
"An intriguing, and as yet unanswered, question is what is the source of the stimulus that initiates complex movements in the shed tails of leopard geckos," Higham said. "The most plausible explanation is that the tail relies on sensory feedback from the environment. Sensors on its surface may tell it to jump, pivot or travel in a certain direction.
Another idea is that multiple networks of neurons in the tail's spinal cord fire at different times, causing these outbursts of complex activity.
And why?
The tail tumbles could serve as first-rate decoys.
"When the tail is doing flips and everything else that could enhance the distraction of the predator so the lizard can get away. If the tail moves in a really complex way, the predator would try to get the tail and when it can't get it, would go away," Higham told LiveScience. "Then the lizard could come back and eat the tail." That way, the lizard could gain back energy lost when shedding its tail, which stores a lot of fat, he added.
////////////////////Blacksmiths In 70,000 BC?Early modern humans living on the southern Africa coast employed pyrotechnology, the controlled use of fire, 72,000 years ago, to increase the quality and efficiency of their stone tool manufacturing process, according to a report in Science.The international team of researchers deduces that "this technology required a novel association between fire, its heat, and a structural change in stone with consequent flaking benefits." Further, they say their findings ignite the notion of complex cognition in early man.If their findings hold up, it could mean humans' ability to solve complex problem
//////////////////
Levels of ADHD have been rising
US researchers have pinned down new differences in the brain chemistry of people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
They found ADHD patients lack key proteins which allow them to experience a sense of reward and motivation.
The Brookhaven National Laboratory study appears in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
It is hoped it could help in the design of new ways to combat the condition.
For far too long there has been an assumption that children with ADHD are deliberately wilful
Andrea Bilbow
ADDISS
Previous research looking at the brains of people with ADHD had uncovered differences in areas controlling attention and hyperactivity.
But this study suggests ADHD has a profound impact elsewhere in the brain too.
Researcher Dr Nora Volkow said: "These deficits in the brain's reward system may help explain clinical symptoms of ADHD, including inattention and reduced motivation, as well as the propensity for complications such as drug abuse and obesity among ADHD patients."
The researchers compared brain scans of 53 adult ADHD patients who had never received treatment with those from 44 people who did not have the condition.
All of the participants had been carefully screened to eliminate factors which could potentially skew the results.
Dopamine pathway
Using a sophisticated form of scan called positron emission tomography (PET), the researchers focused on how the participants' brains handled the chemical dopamine, a key regulator of mood.
In particular they measured levels of two proteins - dopamine receptors and transporters - without which dopamine cannot function effectively to influence mood.
ADHD patients had lower levels of both proteins in two areas of the brain known as the nucleus accumbens and midbrain.
Both form part of the limbic system, responsible for the emotions, and sensations such as motivation and reward.
Patients with more pronounced ADHD symptoms had the lowest levels of the proteins in these areas.
It suggests that teachers need to make sure that school tasks are interesting and exciting, so that children with ADHD are motivated to remain interested
Professor Katya Rubia
Dr Volkow said the findings supported the use of stimulant medications to treat ADHD by raising dopamine levels.
The findings also support the theory that people with ADHD may be more prone to drug abuse and obesity because they are unconsciously attempting to compensate for a deficient reward system.
Andrea Bilbow, of the ADHD charity ADDISS, said the study might help convince people who argue that ADHD is more to do with bad parenting than any concrete medical difference.
She said: "The findings of this new research will go a long way to helping us understand the presentation of symptoms but more importantly it may give teachers more of an idea of what interventions should be used in the classroom in order to accommodate children with ADHD.
"For far too long there has been an assumption that children with ADHD are deliberately wilful which has led to mismanagement and ultimately permanent exclusions from school."
Professor Katya Rubia, of London's Institute of Psychiatry, said: "This study widens our horizons. It shows that ADHD is not just about abnormalities in the attention systems of the brain, but also abnormalities in the motivation and emotion centres.
"It suggests that teachers need to make sure that school tasks are interesting and exciting, so that children with ADHD are motivated to remain interested."
//////////////////Irlen Syndrome is a possible explanation for the average to gifted
student who avoids reading or cannot read and for the
learning-disabled student who struggles with reading. Helen Irlen, a
school psychologist, worked with college students with reading
difficulties. The students had average to above-average intelligence.
They reported symptoms that occurred when reading that no one had
identified before such as: migraines and headaches, falling asleep,
words switching around, print moving or vibrating, the text becoming
3D, the brightness of the page hurting their eyes, print becoming
blurry, and words blending into each other. Irlen found that placing
colored overlays over the reading material improved the student's
comprehension, fluency, comfort, and attention.
/////////////////////Severed Lizard Tail Has a Mind of Its Own
By LiveScience Staff
posted: 09 September 2009 07:10 am ET
Buzz up!
Comments (20) | Recommend (6)
The tail of a leopard gecko (Eublepharis macularius), has a mind of its own. Once shed from the lizard's body, the tail completes complex jumps and lunges. Credit: Tim Higham
Full Size
1 of 1
It's amazing enough that lizards can shed their tails as a decoy for predators and entertainment for young boys. But a new study of geckos documents an incredible set of acrobatics that these severed tails perform.
Though it might seem as though a lizard loses its tail because it's pulled off, in fact the lizards control the severing, apparently when they sense they're about to become dinner.
The tails exhibit not only rhythmic but also complex movements, including flips, jumps and lunges, after the tails are shed, Anthony Russell of the University of Calgary and Tim Higham of Clemson University report in the journal Biology Letters.
No previous study had quantified movement patterns of the tail by examining the relationship between such patterns and muscular activity.
The new study shows that the signals responsible for movements of the shed tail begin at the very far end of the tail, in a portion of the spinal cord, indicating that there is a control center located there that is likely overridden by higher centers until the tail is shed, at which point its circus-like performing potential is realized.
The findings suggest a model for studying the complex functions of the human spinal cord and the effects of spinal cord injuries.
"Much is known about the ecological ramifications of tail loss, such as distracting predators, storing energy reserves and establishing social status but little is known about the pattern and control of movement of automized gecko tails," Russell said. "What we've discovered is that the tail does not simply oscillate in a repetitive fashion, but has an intricate repertoire of varied and highly complex movements, including acrobatic flips up to 3 centimeters [1.1 inches] in height."
But how?
"An intriguing, and as yet unanswered, question is what is the source of the stimulus that initiates complex movements in the shed tails of leopard geckos," Higham said. "The most plausible explanation is that the tail relies on sensory feedback from the environment. Sensors on its surface may tell it to jump, pivot or travel in a certain direction.
Another idea is that multiple networks of neurons in the tail's spinal cord fire at different times, causing these outbursts of complex activity.
And why?
The tail tumbles could serve as first-rate decoys.
"When the tail is doing flips and everything else that could enhance the distraction of the predator so the lizard can get away. If the tail moves in a really complex way, the predator would try to get the tail and when it can't get it, would go away," Higham told LiveScience. "Then the lizard could come back and eat the tail." That way, the lizard could gain back energy lost when shedding its tail, which stores a lot of fat, he added.
////////////////////Blacksmiths In 70,000 BC?Early modern humans living on the southern Africa coast employed pyrotechnology, the controlled use of fire, 72,000 years ago, to increase the quality and efficiency of their stone tool manufacturing process, according to a report in Science.The international team of researchers deduces that "this technology required a novel association between fire, its heat, and a structural change in stone with consequent flaking benefits." Further, they say their findings ignite the notion of complex cognition in early man.If their findings hold up, it could mean humans' ability to solve complex problem
//////////////////
Monday 7 September 2009
TIGER TIGER BURNING BRIGHT
Tigers are 'brainier' than lions
As the King of the Jungle, the lion may have the brawn, but it is the tiger that has the brains, claim scientists.
By Richard Alleyne, Science Correspondent
Published: 12:31PM BST 02 Sep 2009
Photo: GETTY
Researchers have discovered that the tiger has a far bigger brain than its big cat rival, even though it is often seen as lower down the food chain.
A team of zoologists at Oxford University compared the brain cavity in the skulls of both animals and found tigers are 16 per cent bigger than lions, leopards and jaguars.
//////////////////
As the King of the Jungle, the lion may have the brawn, but it is the tiger that has the brains, claim scientists.
By Richard Alleyne, Science Correspondent
Published: 12:31PM BST 02 Sep 2009
Photo: GETTY
Researchers have discovered that the tiger has a far bigger brain than its big cat rival, even though it is often seen as lower down the food chain.
A team of zoologists at Oxford University compared the brain cavity in the skulls of both animals and found tigers are 16 per cent bigger than lions, leopards and jaguars.
//////////////////
RDING DWKNS-EVOLN-GSOE
CDS LOG
RD-BK-DAWKINS-EVOLN GSOE
//////////////////UP FRM WATER
/////////////////////BACK TO WATER -WHALE
//////////////////////HIPPO-WHALE NR COUSINS
//////////////////////LUCY,TAUNG CHILD-AUSTRALOPETHICUS
///////////////////////////TURKANA BOY -1.6 MYA
/////////////////SINGLE CELL TO A COMPLICATED BODY-U DID IT URSELF IN 9 MO
///////////////////EMBRYOLOGICAL RECIPE LIKE A CMPTR PROGRAM
///////////////////BOTTOM-UP PROCEDURE
/////////////////////NEURULATION
//////////////////INVAGINATION IN A SHEET OF CELLS
/////////////////BLASTULA GASTRULATING
///////////////////AUTO-ORIGAMI BY WHICH PR CHAINS FOLD AND COIL IS RULED BY LAWS OF CHEM ATTRACTN,AND LAWS DETERMINING THE ANGLES AT WHICH ATOMS BIND TO EACH OTHER
//////////////////////LIVING CELL IS A LARGE CHEM LAB
/////////////////////////WHETHER OR NOT A GIVEN GENE IS TURNED ON IN A GIVEN CELL AT A GIVEN TIME IS DETERMINED ,OFTEN VIA A CASCADE OF OTHER GENES CALLED SWITSH GENES OR CONTROLLER GENES ,BY THE CHM ENV OF THE CELL
////////////////////////THERE IS NO OVERALL PLAN OF DVPT,NO BLUEPRINT,NO ARCHITECTS PLAN,NO ARCHITECT.THE DVPT OF THE EMBRYO,AND ULTIMATELY OF THE ADULT,IS ACHIEVED BY LOCAL RULES IMPLEMENTED BY CELLS,INTERACTING WITH OTHER CELLS ON ALOCAL BASIS
/////////////////THE RULES ARE LOCAL,LOCAL,LOCAL
///////////////////SPECIATION-GEOGRAPHICAL ISOLATION
//////////////////////CONTINENTAL DRIFT AFFECTED VARIETY AND SPECIATION
//////////////////////////BIOGEOGRAPHIC EVIDENCE FOR EVOLN
/////////////////////////////THE TREE OF COUSINSHIP
///////////////////////////SEXUAL SHUFFLING OF GENES IN AGENE POOL IS LIKE BORROWING AND SHARING OF GENETIC IDEAS
////////////////////PLACENTAL AND MARSUPIAL OPP NOS
/////////////////DNA HYBRIDIZATION COMPARES GENES AT A MOLECULAR LEVEL
////////////////////HODGKINS LAW FOR GENETICS-LIKE MOORES LAW IN CMPTRS
////////////////////////////THE HILLIS PLOT
//////////////////////////////5% GENES A RE USED AND READ,REST ?NONSENSE
//////////////////////////HX WRITTEN ALL OVER US
////////////////The main 7 tectonic plates around the world are: the Eurasian plate; African plate; Indo-Australian plate; Pacific plate; North American plate; South American plate; and the Antarctic plate.
//////////////////////////////////////WARM BLOODED-MAMMALS AND BIRDS-ABY TO KEEP TEMP CONSTANT
////////////////////////////ARMS RACES AND EVOLUTIONARY THEODICY
/////////////////////////THE SOLAR ECONOMY OF NATR
/////////////////////////UPHILL CHEMISTRY OF BIOLF
////////////////////////////SOLAR ENERGY CAPTURED BY CHLOROPLASTS IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THE FOOD CHAIN
/////////////////////////////////EVOLN ECONOMY -UNLIKE PLANNED ECONOMY,EG TREES ARE AWASTE
///////////////////////////////
RD-BK-DAWKINS-EVOLN GSOE
//////////////////UP FRM WATER
/////////////////////BACK TO WATER -WHALE
//////////////////////HIPPO-WHALE NR COUSINS
//////////////////////LUCY,TAUNG CHILD-AUSTRALOPETHICUS
///////////////////////////TURKANA BOY -1.6 MYA
/////////////////SINGLE CELL TO A COMPLICATED BODY-U DID IT URSELF IN 9 MO
///////////////////EMBRYOLOGICAL RECIPE LIKE A CMPTR PROGRAM
///////////////////BOTTOM-UP PROCEDURE
/////////////////////NEURULATION
//////////////////INVAGINATION IN A SHEET OF CELLS
/////////////////BLASTULA GASTRULATING
///////////////////AUTO-ORIGAMI BY WHICH PR CHAINS FOLD AND COIL IS RULED BY LAWS OF CHEM ATTRACTN,AND LAWS DETERMINING THE ANGLES AT WHICH ATOMS BIND TO EACH OTHER
//////////////////////LIVING CELL IS A LARGE CHEM LAB
/////////////////////////WHETHER OR NOT A GIVEN GENE IS TURNED ON IN A GIVEN CELL AT A GIVEN TIME IS DETERMINED ,OFTEN VIA A CASCADE OF OTHER GENES CALLED SWITSH GENES OR CONTROLLER GENES ,BY THE CHM ENV OF THE CELL
////////////////////////THERE IS NO OVERALL PLAN OF DVPT,NO BLUEPRINT,NO ARCHITECTS PLAN,NO ARCHITECT.THE DVPT OF THE EMBRYO,AND ULTIMATELY OF THE ADULT,IS ACHIEVED BY LOCAL RULES IMPLEMENTED BY CELLS,INTERACTING WITH OTHER CELLS ON ALOCAL BASIS
/////////////////THE RULES ARE LOCAL,LOCAL,LOCAL
///////////////////SPECIATION-GEOGRAPHICAL ISOLATION
//////////////////////CONTINENTAL DRIFT AFFECTED VARIETY AND SPECIATION
//////////////////////////BIOGEOGRAPHIC EVIDENCE FOR EVOLN
/////////////////////////////THE TREE OF COUSINSHIP
///////////////////////////SEXUAL SHUFFLING OF GENES IN AGENE POOL IS LIKE BORROWING AND SHARING OF GENETIC IDEAS
////////////////////PLACENTAL AND MARSUPIAL OPP NOS
/////////////////DNA HYBRIDIZATION COMPARES GENES AT A MOLECULAR LEVEL
////////////////////HODGKINS LAW FOR GENETICS-LIKE MOORES LAW IN CMPTRS
////////////////////////////THE HILLIS PLOT
//////////////////////////////5% GENES A RE USED AND READ,REST ?NONSENSE
//////////////////////////HX WRITTEN ALL OVER US
////////////////The main 7 tectonic plates around the world are: the Eurasian plate; African plate; Indo-Australian plate; Pacific plate; North American plate; South American plate; and the Antarctic plate.
//////////////////////////////////////WARM BLOODED-MAMMALS AND BIRDS-ABY TO KEEP TEMP CONSTANT
////////////////////////////ARMS RACES AND EVOLUTIONARY THEODICY
/////////////////////////THE SOLAR ECONOMY OF NATR
/////////////////////////UPHILL CHEMISTRY OF BIOLF
////////////////////////////SOLAR ENERGY CAPTURED BY CHLOROPLASTS IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THE FOOD CHAIN
/////////////////////////////////EVOLN ECONOMY -UNLIKE PLANNED ECONOMY,EG TREES ARE AWASTE
///////////////////////////////
WDC VLLG HADIPPA KOL HOLS
///////////UP ON ORI TXS
///////////////PAIN OF DUALITIES-Chapter II: Sankhya Yoga
(Krishna speaking to Arjuna)
II.38. Having made pleasure and pain, gain and loss, victory and
defeat the same, engage thou n battle for the sake of battle; thus
thou shalt not incur sin.
COMMENTARY: This is the Yoga of equanimity or the doctrine of
poise in action. If anyone does any action with the above mental
attitude or balanced state of mind he will not reap the fruits of
his action. Such an action will lead to the purification of his
heart and freedom from birth and death. Oe has to develop such a
balanced state of mind through continuous struggle and vigilant
efforts.
/////////////////SLEEP=In humans, the brain constitutes, on average, just 2 percent of total body weight but consumes 20 percent of the energy used during quiet waking, so these savings have considerable adaptive significance. Besides conserving energy, sleep invokes survival benefits for humans too — "for example," said Siegel, "a reduced risk of injury, reduced resource consumption and, from an evolutionary standpoint, reduced risk of detection by predators."
////////////////
///////////////PAIN OF DUALITIES-Chapter II: Sankhya Yoga
(Krishna speaking to Arjuna)
II.38. Having made pleasure and pain, gain and loss, victory and
defeat the same, engage thou n battle for the sake of battle; thus
thou shalt not incur sin.
COMMENTARY: This is the Yoga of equanimity or the doctrine of
poise in action. If anyone does any action with the above mental
attitude or balanced state of mind he will not reap the fruits of
his action. Such an action will lead to the purification of his
heart and freedom from birth and death. Oe has to develop such a
balanced state of mind through continuous struggle and vigilant
efforts.
/////////////////SLEEP=In humans, the brain constitutes, on average, just 2 percent of total body weight but consumes 20 percent of the energy used during quiet waking, so these savings have considerable adaptive significance. Besides conserving energy, sleep invokes survival benefits for humans too — "for example," said Siegel, "a reduced risk of injury, reduced resource consumption and, from an evolutionary standpoint, reduced risk of detection by predators."
////////////////
Sunday 6 September 2009
DWKNS-EVOLN GRTST SHW ON ERTH
FACT 0F EVOLN-ALL LIVING THINGS ARE COUSINS
////////////THEORY OF EVOLN=NS
//////////GEOLOGICAL DEEP TIME VS HUMAN LIFESPAN
///////DEAD HAND OF PLATO-OBSTACLE OF ESSENTIALISM
////////////SCULPTING THE GENE POOL
///////////////NEODARWINIAN SYNTHESIS
///////////COMPUTER BIOMORPHS
////////////////PRIMROSE PATH TO MACROEVOLN
//////////////////INSECTS WERE FIRST DOMESTICATORS
//////////////FLOWER BRIBES NECTAR FOOD FOR POLLINATORS
///////////////CONVERGENT EVOLN EG EYES OF FLY/MAMMALS
/////////INSECT POLLINATION HAS IMPROVED ECONOMY OVER WASTEFUL WIND POLLINATION
////////////INSECTS BREED FOR FLORAL BEAUTY
///////////YOU R MY NATL SELECTN
////////////HEIKA KABUKI LOOKING CRAB WERE LESS EATEN SO SURVIVED MORE
/////////////HUMANS BREED ATTRACTIVE ROSES THEREBY PRESERVING GENE POOL OF ATTRACTIVE FEATURES=ARTIFICIAL SELECTION
//////////DOMESTICATION SHIELD BREEDS FROM RISK EG UDDERFUL COW CANT OUTRUN A LION
/////////WOLVES PACK HUNTERS VS EARLY VILLAGE DOGS SCAVENGERS WITH SHORTER FLIGHT DISTANCE
///////////////BOLLYWOOD KA K-MANIA
//////////THEN HUMANS BRED DOGS FOR TAMENESS
///////////NATR AS THE SELECTING AGENT
////////////SILENCE AND SLOW TIME
//////////TREE RINGS
////////////RADIOACTV DECAY CLOCKS
////////////HEAD FOR THE HILLS THEORY
////////////CARBON DATING
////////////RANDOM MUTATIONS FOLLD BY NON RANDOM NS
//////////////FINISH DOSE OF ABX ELSE LEAVE BEHIND SEMI-RES BACTERIA MUTANTS
////////////SHOW ME UR INTERMEDIATES
/////////////BIGGEST FOSSIL GAP PRE CAMBRIAN
//////////PRE CAMBRIAN SOFTBODIED ANIMALS WERE NOT FOSSIL MATERIAL
//////////////GAP IN FOSSIL RECORD EARLIER CALLED MISSING LINK
/////////////////////////SHOW ME UR CROCODUCK
/////////////////FOR 6 PACK ABS NEED 3 HRS OF EXERCISE
////////////MONKEYS DID NOT EVOLVE FROM EARTHWORMS,BOTH SHARE A COMMON ANCESTOR=BSACA
/////////////
////////////THEORY OF EVOLN=NS
//////////GEOLOGICAL DEEP TIME VS HUMAN LIFESPAN
///////DEAD HAND OF PLATO-OBSTACLE OF ESSENTIALISM
////////////SCULPTING THE GENE POOL
///////////////NEODARWINIAN SYNTHESIS
///////////COMPUTER BIOMORPHS
////////////////PRIMROSE PATH TO MACROEVOLN
//////////////////INSECTS WERE FIRST DOMESTICATORS
//////////////FLOWER BRIBES NECTAR FOOD FOR POLLINATORS
///////////////CONVERGENT EVOLN EG EYES OF FLY/MAMMALS
/////////INSECT POLLINATION HAS IMPROVED ECONOMY OVER WASTEFUL WIND POLLINATION
////////////INSECTS BREED FOR FLORAL BEAUTY
///////////YOU R MY NATL SELECTN
////////////HEIKA KABUKI LOOKING CRAB WERE LESS EATEN SO SURVIVED MORE
/////////////HUMANS BREED ATTRACTIVE ROSES THEREBY PRESERVING GENE POOL OF ATTRACTIVE FEATURES=ARTIFICIAL SELECTION
//////////DOMESTICATION SHIELD BREEDS FROM RISK EG UDDERFUL COW CANT OUTRUN A LION
/////////WOLVES PACK HUNTERS VS EARLY VILLAGE DOGS SCAVENGERS WITH SHORTER FLIGHT DISTANCE
///////////////BOLLYWOOD KA K-MANIA
//////////THEN HUMANS BRED DOGS FOR TAMENESS
///////////NATR AS THE SELECTING AGENT
////////////SILENCE AND SLOW TIME
//////////TREE RINGS
////////////RADIOACTV DECAY CLOCKS
////////////HEAD FOR THE HILLS THEORY
////////////CARBON DATING
////////////RANDOM MUTATIONS FOLLD BY NON RANDOM NS
//////////////FINISH DOSE OF ABX ELSE LEAVE BEHIND SEMI-RES BACTERIA MUTANTS
////////////SHOW ME UR INTERMEDIATES
/////////////BIGGEST FOSSIL GAP PRE CAMBRIAN
//////////PRE CAMBRIAN SOFTBODIED ANIMALS WERE NOT FOSSIL MATERIAL
//////////////GAP IN FOSSIL RECORD EARLIER CALLED MISSING LINK
/////////////////////////SHOW ME UR CROCODUCK
/////////////////FOR 6 PACK ABS NEED 3 HRS OF EXERCISE
////////////MONKEYS DID NOT EVOLVE FROM EARTHWORMS,BOTH SHARE A COMMON ANCESTOR=BSACA
/////////////
NIMBY
MOSES BASKET S AND NIMBY S
//////////////BYSTANDER EFFECT
//////////EVERY PENNY HELPS CHARITY BOX GETS MOST CHARITY
//////////INTERVIEW-MOST IMP IS PLEASANTNESS,EG TU,ETC
//////////////Eggs: The Other Protein
Eggs may not pack the protein punch of most meats, but they're still a great source of protein because more of their fat is monounsaturated. What's more, the yolks are a great source of easily-absorbable lutein, an important antioxidant (also found in spinach and other green vegetables) that's great for your eyes and your skin.
By the way, the theory that eggs increase cholesterol levels in the bloodstream has been thoroughly debunked. One recent study found no difference in heart disease risk between those who ate one egg a week and those who ate one a day. Another study concluded that eating two eggs a day for six weeks had no impact at all on cholesterol levels. The key is to prepare your eggs healthfully — large amounts of butter, cheese, and cream in the company of sausage and bacon aren't good for your cholesterol level or your waistline.
/////////////PERSUADE BY KISS-KEEP IT SIMPLE AND STRAIGHT
/////////////ASK FOR A SMALL FAVOUR,LATER MORE LIKELY TO HELP OUT
///////////Archives of Internal Medicine, men are more likely to benefit from walking or cycling to work than women. Men who walk or cycle to work are less likely to be obese and are at lower risk of cardiovascular disease than men who don't have an active commute. The same is not true for women. Although women who walk or cycle to work are fitter than those who don't, they are not less likely to be obese, and they are not at lower risk of cardiovascular disease.
'It seems that women need to commute a bit further and at a higher intensity of exercise in order to see weight and cardiovascular benefits of active commuting.'
////////////////SMALL FOLLIES IMPROVE LIKEABILITY-EG CONSTIPN -MRI INCDNT
/////////////GOSSIP EFFECT-WHATEVER POS/NEG U GOSSIP ABT O PPL COMES BACK TO LABEL U
//////////////String Theory is just science fiction as many other theories. Forcing mathematics and imagination to explain phenomena with no possible experiments to corroborate is exactly like a very elegant and thoughtful fairy tale.
//////////////GALILEO-TELESCOPE-400 YRS ON
///////////AM=FINDERS KEEPERS
///////////////An early start to the Earth's biosphere
by Physics Today
Nature: The Cambrian period, roughly 500 million years ago, was marked by a seeming explosion of diverse multicellular organisms. For the past 10–15 years, the carbon-isotope signature in Precambrian limestone has been studied for clues to what prompted this burst of life.
Wild fluctuations in carbon-isotope values during the late Precambrian were interpreted as sudden, drastic changes in the global carbon cycle, such as methane releases or glaciations that could have altered ocean conditions to such extremes that an evolutionary burst was plausible. But new analysis suggests that photosynthetic organisms spread over land earlier than previously thought, and the subsequent rise in atmospheric oxygen was what triggered the Cambrian explosion
//////////////////////////////////////////////////Do clouds come from outer space?
by Physics Today
ScienceNOW: Most of Earth's clouds get their start in deep space. That's the surprising conclusion from a team of researchers who argue that interstellar cosmic rays collide with water molecules in our atmosphere to form overcast skies.
///////////////
//////////////BYSTANDER EFFECT
//////////EVERY PENNY HELPS CHARITY BOX GETS MOST CHARITY
//////////INTERVIEW-MOST IMP IS PLEASANTNESS,EG TU,ETC
//////////////Eggs: The Other Protein
Eggs may not pack the protein punch of most meats, but they're still a great source of protein because more of their fat is monounsaturated. What's more, the yolks are a great source of easily-absorbable lutein, an important antioxidant (also found in spinach and other green vegetables) that's great for your eyes and your skin.
By the way, the theory that eggs increase cholesterol levels in the bloodstream has been thoroughly debunked. One recent study found no difference in heart disease risk between those who ate one egg a week and those who ate one a day. Another study concluded that eating two eggs a day for six weeks had no impact at all on cholesterol levels. The key is to prepare your eggs healthfully — large amounts of butter, cheese, and cream in the company of sausage and bacon aren't good for your cholesterol level or your waistline.
/////////////PERSUADE BY KISS-KEEP IT SIMPLE AND STRAIGHT
/////////////ASK FOR A SMALL FAVOUR,LATER MORE LIKELY TO HELP OUT
///////////Archives of Internal Medicine, men are more likely to benefit from walking or cycling to work than women. Men who walk or cycle to work are less likely to be obese and are at lower risk of cardiovascular disease than men who don't have an active commute. The same is not true for women. Although women who walk or cycle to work are fitter than those who don't, they are not less likely to be obese, and they are not at lower risk of cardiovascular disease.
'It seems that women need to commute a bit further and at a higher intensity of exercise in order to see weight and cardiovascular benefits of active commuting.'
////////////////SMALL FOLLIES IMPROVE LIKEABILITY-EG CONSTIPN -MRI INCDNT
/////////////GOSSIP EFFECT-WHATEVER POS/NEG U GOSSIP ABT O PPL COMES BACK TO LABEL U
//////////////String Theory is just science fiction as many other theories. Forcing mathematics and imagination to explain phenomena with no possible experiments to corroborate is exactly like a very elegant and thoughtful fairy tale.
//////////////GALILEO-TELESCOPE-400 YRS ON
///////////AM=FINDERS KEEPERS
///////////////An early start to the Earth's biosphere
by Physics Today
Nature: The Cambrian period, roughly 500 million years ago, was marked by a seeming explosion of diverse multicellular organisms. For the past 10–15 years, the carbon-isotope signature in Precambrian limestone has been studied for clues to what prompted this burst of life.
Wild fluctuations in carbon-isotope values during the late Precambrian were interpreted as sudden, drastic changes in the global carbon cycle, such as methane releases or glaciations that could have altered ocean conditions to such extremes that an evolutionary burst was plausible. But new analysis suggests that photosynthetic organisms spread over land earlier than previously thought, and the subsequent rise in atmospheric oxygen was what triggered the Cambrian explosion
//////////////////////////////////////////////////Do clouds come from outer space?
by Physics Today
ScienceNOW: Most of Earth's clouds get their start in deep space. That's the surprising conclusion from a team of researchers who argue that interstellar cosmic rays collide with water molecules in our atmosphere to form overcast skies.
///////////////
COMPETITIVE EXCLUSION PRINCIPLE
/////////////////////////PREHISTORIC HYENODON VS BEARODON
///////////AVG MAMMAL SPECIES SURVIVE 5 MN YRS
/////////////WIKI=Hyaenodon
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hyaenodon
Fossil range: Late Eocene–Early Miocene
PreЄЄOSDCPTJKPgN
Skull of Hyaenodon cayluxi, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris.
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Creodonta
Family: Hyaenodontidae
Genus: Hyaenodon
Leidy, 1869
Species [1]
H. bavaricus
H. brevirostris
H. chunkhtensis
H. crucians
H. eminus
H. exicuus
H. gigas
H. horridus
H. incertus
H. leptorhynchus
H. megaloides
H. microdon
H. milloquensis
H. mongoliensis
H. montanus
H. mustelinus
H. pervagus
H. raineyi
H. venturae
H. vetus
H. weilini
H. yuanchensis
Paleontology portal
Hyaenodon ("hyaena-toothed") is an extinct genus of Hyaenodonts, a group of carnivorous Creodonts of the family Hyaenodontidae endemic to all continents except South America and Australia, living from 42—15.9 mya, existing for approximately 26.1 million years.[2]
Contents [hide]
1 Morphology
2 Range and species
3 Popular Culture
4 References
5 See also
[edit]Morphology
Some species of this genus were amongst the largest terrestrial carnivorous mammals of their time, others were only of the size of a marten. Hyaenodon was one of the latest genera of the Hyaenodonts and is known from the Late Eocene to Early Miocene. Remains of many species are known from North America, Europe, Asia and Africa (In 1993 42 species were distinguished)[3].
Typical of early carnivorous mammals, they had very massive skulls but only small brains. It had a long skull with a narrow snout - much larger in relation to the length of the skull than in canine carnivores, for instance. Its neck was shorter than its skull, while its body was long and robust and terminated in a long tail.
The average weight of adult or subadult H. horridus, the largest North American species, is estimated to about 40 kilograms (88 lb) and may not have exceeded 60 kilograms (130 lb). H. gigas, the largest Hyaenodon species was much larger. H. crucians from the early Oligocene of North America is estimated to only 10 to 25 kilograms (22 to 55 lb). H. microdon and H. mustelinus from the late Eocene of North America were even smaller and weighed probably about 5 kilograms (11 lb)[4].
Reconstruction by Heinrich Harder, c.1920
[edit]Range and species
In North America the last Hyaenodon disappeared along with species like H. brevirostris in the late Oligocene. In Europe they had already vanished earlier in the Oligocene. From the Miocene in Africa there are three species (H. andrewsi, H. matthewi and H. pilgrimi) known, but none of these reached the dimensions of Asian species like H. gigas and H. weilini[3]
Hyaenodon horridus skeleton.
[edit]Popular Culture
It appeared in Walking with Beasts attacking a Indricotherium's calf. It is then shown killing a Chalicotherium but the kill is stolen by a trio of Entelodons.
/////////////////MESOHIPPUS
////////////OREODONT=ANCESTOR SHEEP
////////////////DINICTUS-SABRE TOOTHED CAT
//////////////ENTEBADONT MEGABEAST
//////////////////
"Live your life as an Exclamation, not an Explanation."
-- Source unknown
////////////////GUBLOC-70+
////////////////////SSN DN CNSPRACY?
/////////////
From Chapter II: Sankhya Yoga
(Krishna speaking to Arjuna)
II.48. Perform action, O Dhananjaya(Conqueror of wealth, Arjuna),
being steadfast in Yoga, abandoning attachment and balanced in
success and failure. Eveness of mind is called Yoga.
COMMENTARY: Dwelling in union with the Divine perform actions
merely for God's sake with a balanced mind in success and failure.
Equilibrium is Yoga. The attainment of the knowledge of the Self
through purity of heart obtained by doing actins without
expectations of fruits is success (Siddhi). Failure is the non-
attachement of knowledge by doing actions with expectation of fruit.
///////////////////The Day the Moon Was Gone
Without the moon, Earth would be a very different and desolate place today--four hours of sunlight with pitch-black nights, steady 100-mph winds spawning giant hurricanes that last for months, and virtually no complex life forms, much less humans. Safe to say, we probably owe our very existence to the moon. But what if it suddenly disappeared? Solar gravity redirects ocean water that floods coastal spots around the globe. Sea currents shift, resulting in freakish weather patterns. Eventually, earth's axis begins fluctuating wildly and climate change grows more extreme. The poles are tropical jungles and parts of the equator become frigid wastelands. Human evolution starts churning in unpredictable ways or ends completely. Without the moon, the Earth is a very different place.
/////////////////////LQT S= To date, 12 different genes have been implicated, and current genetic testing methods can provide a specific diagnosis in approximately 70% of patients. Clinical indicators, including age, sex, corrected QT duration, and prior syncope are the most powerful predictors of future life-threatening cardiac events. However, diagnosis, risk assessment, and therapeutic strategies are being guided by genetic analysis to an increasing degree
//////////////RHYMING SLOGANS SELL
EG LIFE IS STRIFE
//////////////
///////////AVG MAMMAL SPECIES SURVIVE 5 MN YRS
/////////////WIKI=Hyaenodon
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hyaenodon
Fossil range: Late Eocene–Early Miocene
PreЄЄOSDCPTJKPgN
Skull of Hyaenodon cayluxi, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris.
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Creodonta
Family: Hyaenodontidae
Genus: Hyaenodon
Leidy, 1869
Species [1]
H. bavaricus
H. brevirostris
H. chunkhtensis
H. crucians
H. eminus
H. exicuus
H. gigas
H. horridus
H. incertus
H. leptorhynchus
H. megaloides
H. microdon
H. milloquensis
H. mongoliensis
H. montanus
H. mustelinus
H. pervagus
H. raineyi
H. venturae
H. vetus
H. weilini
H. yuanchensis
Paleontology portal
Hyaenodon ("hyaena-toothed") is an extinct genus of Hyaenodonts, a group of carnivorous Creodonts of the family Hyaenodontidae endemic to all continents except South America and Australia, living from 42—15.9 mya, existing for approximately 26.1 million years.[2]
Contents [hide]
1 Morphology
2 Range and species
3 Popular Culture
4 References
5 See also
[edit]Morphology
Some species of this genus were amongst the largest terrestrial carnivorous mammals of their time, others were only of the size of a marten. Hyaenodon was one of the latest genera of the Hyaenodonts and is known from the Late Eocene to Early Miocene. Remains of many species are known from North America, Europe, Asia and Africa (In 1993 42 species were distinguished)[3].
Typical of early carnivorous mammals, they had very massive skulls but only small brains. It had a long skull with a narrow snout - much larger in relation to the length of the skull than in canine carnivores, for instance. Its neck was shorter than its skull, while its body was long and robust and terminated in a long tail.
The average weight of adult or subadult H. horridus, the largest North American species, is estimated to about 40 kilograms (88 lb) and may not have exceeded 60 kilograms (130 lb). H. gigas, the largest Hyaenodon species was much larger. H. crucians from the early Oligocene of North America is estimated to only 10 to 25 kilograms (22 to 55 lb). H. microdon and H. mustelinus from the late Eocene of North America were even smaller and weighed probably about 5 kilograms (11 lb)[4].
Reconstruction by Heinrich Harder, c.1920
[edit]Range and species
In North America the last Hyaenodon disappeared along with species like H. brevirostris in the late Oligocene. In Europe they had already vanished earlier in the Oligocene. From the Miocene in Africa there are three species (H. andrewsi, H. matthewi and H. pilgrimi) known, but none of these reached the dimensions of Asian species like H. gigas and H. weilini[3]
Hyaenodon horridus skeleton.
[edit]Popular Culture
It appeared in Walking with Beasts attacking a Indricotherium's calf. It is then shown killing a Chalicotherium but the kill is stolen by a trio of Entelodons.
/////////////////MESOHIPPUS
////////////OREODONT=ANCESTOR SHEEP
////////////////DINICTUS-SABRE TOOTHED CAT
//////////////ENTEBADONT MEGABEAST
//////////////////
"Live your life as an Exclamation, not an Explanation."
-- Source unknown
////////////////GUBLOC-70+
////////////////////SSN DN CNSPRACY?
/////////////
From Chapter II: Sankhya Yoga
(Krishna speaking to Arjuna)
II.48. Perform action, O Dhananjaya(Conqueror of wealth, Arjuna),
being steadfast in Yoga, abandoning attachment and balanced in
success and failure. Eveness of mind is called Yoga.
COMMENTARY: Dwelling in union with the Divine perform actions
merely for God's sake with a balanced mind in success and failure.
Equilibrium is Yoga. The attainment of the knowledge of the Self
through purity of heart obtained by doing actins without
expectations of fruits is success (Siddhi). Failure is the non-
attachement of knowledge by doing actions with expectation of fruit.
///////////////////The Day the Moon Was Gone
Without the moon, Earth would be a very different and desolate place today--four hours of sunlight with pitch-black nights, steady 100-mph winds spawning giant hurricanes that last for months, and virtually no complex life forms, much less humans. Safe to say, we probably owe our very existence to the moon. But what if it suddenly disappeared? Solar gravity redirects ocean water that floods coastal spots around the globe. Sea currents shift, resulting in freakish weather patterns. Eventually, earth's axis begins fluctuating wildly and climate change grows more extreme. The poles are tropical jungles and parts of the equator become frigid wastelands. Human evolution starts churning in unpredictable ways or ends completely. Without the moon, the Earth is a very different place.
/////////////////////LQT S= To date, 12 different genes have been implicated, and current genetic testing methods can provide a specific diagnosis in approximately 70% of patients. Clinical indicators, including age, sex, corrected QT duration, and prior syncope are the most powerful predictors of future life-threatening cardiac events. However, diagnosis, risk assessment, and therapeutic strategies are being guided by genetic analysis to an increasing degree
//////////////RHYMING SLOGANS SELL
EG LIFE IS STRIFE
//////////////
NET LINGO
Long time no see”(LTNS)
A&rHZ jv: “Glad to see you (GTSY) mate” (M8)
A&rHZ jv: “Wish u were here” (WUWH)
A&rHZ jv: “See u Later” (CUL8r)
///////////////////BRB,BTW,LOL,
//////////////MORITE CHAHI NA AMI SUNDAR BHUVANE-MCNASB
A&rHZ jv: “Glad to see you (GTSY) mate” (M8)
///////////////////BRB,BTW,LOL,
//////////////MORITE CHAHI NA AMI SUNDAR BHUVANE-MCNASB
KOL HOL AUG 08
//////INDE-13 RTA DTHS/HR
//////GRATITUDE ATTITUDE
////////FTHR NABADWIP STORY
//////////////RETAIL RX -NO,CHARITY RX -YES
////////////////LOW SELF ESTEEM>>>>>MATERIALISM
/////////////
"As you breathe out slowly, breathe out with the great sound of letting go, Ahhh…"
///////////////buy experience-eg books,not goods
////////////RD BK-59 SECS,R WILSON
///////////////////COMEDY WILL MK HAPPY
////////////////INTENTIONAL CHANGE VS CIRCUMSTANTIAL CHANGE
////////////////HEDONISTIC HABITUATION
//////////////PATCHWORK MIND=Through the study of imprinted genes, researchers are also uncovering clues about how our parents’ genes influence our brain—it seems that maternal genes play a more important role in the formation of some brain areas, such as those for language and complex thought, and paternal genes have more influence in regions involved in growing, eating and mating. “You need both Mom and Dad in order to get a normal brain,” says Janine LaSalle, a medical microbiologist at the University of California, Davis, whose lab focuses on imprinting. “We’re really at the beginning of understanding what that means.”
To understand the implications of imprinting, it helps to know a few basics. Imprinting is an epigenetic (meaning “beyond genetic”) mechanism, a molecular change that can happen within a cell that affects the degree to which genes are activated, without changing the underlying genetic code. The type of imprinting that happens in egg and sperm cells is known as “genomic imprinting,” a reference to its fundamental heritable nature. Other types of imprinting can happen as a result of environmental influences, such as parental nurturing or abuse. [For more on epigenetics, see “The New Genetics of Mental Illness,” by Edmund S. Higgins; Scientific American Mind, June/July 2008.]
//////////////FTHR ABS MTHR,BUT DOES NOT UNDRSTND-NEEDS PSYCHORX BY AD
///////////////CA-RANDY PAUSCH LINE
//////////////PRNTAL DTH-LK TN PAL DTH LINE
//////////////LF IS LOW ENTROPY CONDITION
/////////////
Booting-Up The Universe: Divine Feat or Random Act?
By Johannes Koelman | September 4th 2009 09:37 AM | 1 comment | Print | E-mail | Track Comments
.
MORE THE HAMMOCK PHYSICIST ARTICLES
Booting-Up The Universe: Divine Feat or Random Act?
What's Wrong With E=MC^2?
The Principle of Maximal Aging
All
ABOUT JOHANNES KOELMAN
I am a Dutchman, currently living in the US. Following a PhD in theoretical physics (spin-polarized quantum systems*) I entered a Global Fortune 500 company where I am pursuing a career in applied... Full Bio
Johannes
KoelmanWas an almighty God required to boot up the universe, or would a blindfolded monkey have sufficed?
What a silly question. Isn't it obvious that truly divine powers were needed to create our amazing universe capable of evolving systems of supreme complexity called 'life'? Maybe. Maybe not. It all boils down to the question: How special was the big boot, the mother of all boot-ups commonly referred to as the big bang?
Physicists have a well-defined and precise measure that describes how special, or rather how common, the state of a system is. This measure is called entropy. A system with high entropy is ordinary, and a system with low entropy is special. In a recent blog I explained that the entropy of a system is the minimum number of digits required to encode the physical state of the system. It is the number of digits required to single out what is, amongst the many possibilities that could be. If a physical system can be described in relatively few digits, a limited number of alternative states needed to be singled out, and the state of the system can be considered special. If a lot of digits are needed, the state is one out of many, and therefore rather common.
You and I are special. This should not surprise you. All life is special. Living beings are prime examples of systems of low entropy. Unfortunately, the entropy of any isolated system must increase. So the low entropy of living bodies can be maintained only by being in contact with a larger universe that generously accepts all excess entropy. To accommodate this excess entropy the universe itself needs to be in a very low entropy state. A state with hot stars in a cold dark space. Stars that provide low entropy radiation to the planets and their life forms, with the planets sending high entropy thermal radiation back into the cold universe. Low entropy in, high entropy out. The cycle that keeps you and me, and all life in the universe going.
With a universe that - after more than 13 billion years - is still in a state with low enough entropy to support life, the entropy at earlier times must have been even lower. In fact, it must have been incredibly low.
Penrose's Needle in a Haystack
In his thought provoking book The Emperor's New Mind, and more recently also in his magnum opus The Road to Reality, Wolf Prize winner Sir Roger Penrose follows these lines of reasoning, and argues that the big boot represents a truly spectacular feat. To start a low entropy universe in which life can be sustained, the operator of the universe had to select one of the relatively few acceptable boot sequences out of the virtually infinitely many sequences that can be formed using a total of 10122 digits.
You read that well, Penrose is not referring to the 10122 possible sequences consisting of 122 digits, but to the truly insane number of possible sequences consisting of 10122 digits. Although Penrose refrains from drawing the conclusion that an operator with divine powers must have controlled the big boot, this conclusion seems almost inevitable.
Or is it?
Let me try to convince you that the opposing hypothesis is not as far-fetched as it seems: the big boot could very well have been a random act.
Ball-'n-Boxes
Consider a ball-'n-boxes toy model. Say we have a ball that can be in one of ten boxes. Obviously, a single digit is required to describe the state of this system. The system has an entropy of one digit. Similarly, with 100 boxes being available to the ball, the entropy would be 2 digits.
In ball-'n-boxes systems a low entropy manifests itself via an encoding that requires fewer digits than expected based on the number of boxes. If 100 boxes are present, but the laws that govern the dynamics of the ball are such that for some time it is restricted to ten specific boxes, the entropy is (at least for a while) lower than two digits. With a suitable numbering of the boxes (i.e. by numbering the ten special boxes '0' - '9'), one digit would suffice to describe the state of the system. Hence, the entropy of this special ball-'n-boxes system is no more than one digit.
Penrose views the universe as a ball-'n-1010^122-boxes system. Unless this system is in special state, 10122 digits are needed to describe it.* However, our universe is special in the sense that whilst 1010^122 boxes are available, the vast majority of these boxes can be ruled out as having been inaccessible since the big boot. This translates into a much reduced entropy. In fact, Penrose estimates that spectacularly few digits are needed to describe our current universe. Out of the total number of 10122 digits at most one in every 1021 digits are required to describe the current universe. And to describe the earlier universe vastly fewer numbers of digits are needed.
A total number of states of 1010^122 is huge but finite. This means that Penrose's arguments are applicable only to bounded (closed) universes characterized by an upper limit on the allowed entropy Whether our universe is bounded or unbounded is an open problem related to the ultimate fate of the universe. However, the observed acceleration of the expansion of the observable universe strongly suggests that our universe might indeed be unbounded. Can we define a simple ball-'n-boxes model that describes an open universe in which the entropies can grow without bound?
Fibonacci universe
The answer is that this is surprisingly simple, provided we explicitly include in the model the dynamics of the ball. Those who have followed my recent blogs will not be surprised to see the reversible Fibonacci dynamics entering the spotlight again. We have already seen that the simple Fibonacci recipe (start from two initial numbers and repetitively add the last two numbers to create the next) creates surprising chaotic behaviors. Also, using Fibonacci's dynamics the arrow of time can be understood based on the low entropy start of the universe. Here, using Fibonacci's dynamics, we delve one level deeper and try to understand why the universe started in an extremely low entropy state. In the Fibonacci model we still have one ball, but an infinite number of boxes with each box uniquely labeled with an integer. The evolution of the Fibonacci universe is described by a sequence of numbers corresponding to the integer labels of the boxes subsequently visited by the ball. If at time t-1 the ball is in the box labeled Lt-1, and at time t it is in box Lt, then at time t+1 the ball will be in box Lt+1 = Lt + Lt-1.
Suppose after 20 time steps you observe the ball to be in the box labeled 459732, and after 21 time steps in box 743862.
Is this remarkable?
Sure it is! There is no reason to expect numbers of only a few digits. Infinitely more numbers with many more digits are available. Yet you observe box labels of only six digits. Evidently, your Fibonacci toy universe can be described in surprisingly few digits, and you conclude it is in a state of very, very low entropy.
Moreover, the number of digits must have increased at every time step** so at start of the universe, the entropy must have been even lower. How much lower is not relevant for the present discussion. The important point to note is that starting from the initial pair of boxes (the boxes visited by the ball in step zero and step one) up till the boxes visited at steps 20 and 21, just six digits per time step sufficed to describe the whole dynamics. We conclude that the first 20 time steps are described by a remarkably low entropy. But this holds for any starting pair of boxes. If we start at time t = 0 and t = 1 with the ball in boxes labeled with 100-digit integers, the same entropy increasing behavior is observed. Digits get added with time no matter what starting conditions are selected, and independent of the starting conditions the history of the universe appears to be characterized by a remarkably low entropy. It is practically impossible to avoid starting entropies low compared to later entropies.
With this behavior resulting from a simple Fibonacci's dynamics, surely it will result also from more complicated reversible dynamics laws. In fact, any unbounded reversible dynamics that is mildly chaotic can be expected to result in a universe that starts with a low entropy big bang. The starting condition simply doesn't matter.
Heck, do we even need a blindfolded monkey?
Notes
* More precisely, in 90% of the cases exactly 10122 digits are needed, in 9% of the cases 10122 - 1 digits are needed, in 0.9% of the cases 10122 - 2 digits are needed, etc. Now, for all practical purposes, 10122 - 10100, 10122 - 1030, and 10122 - 1 are all indistinguishable from 10122. Therefore, with a very high degree of accuracy, the entropy of this ball-'n-10122-boxes system is 10122 digits.
** The Fibonacci dynamics yields box labels that tend to increase each timestep by a factor equal to the golden ratio . It follows that on average every 1/10log() = 4.785 time steps a digit gets added.
///////////////KALER(GXE) NIYOMEI CA HOY-TOLB THEN PALLT
//////////////AFTER 70 BODY BCOMES A LOAD
//////////////usain BOLT 9.58 SEC FOR 100 M=ABT 10M/SEC
CHEETAH 33M/SEC
///////////////TECH- IT -EASY=CONTENT IS KING
////////BEFIKAAR,BINDASS,BARELY THERE CHOLI
/////////////NAMANUSH,ELOMELO
////////////////NOT ATANKA BUT SATARKA
/////////////////////COFFEED PPL SWAY IN FAVOUR
///////////////////
//////GRATITUDE ATTITUDE
////////FTHR NABADWIP STORY
//////////////RETAIL RX -NO,CHARITY RX -YES
////////////////LOW SELF ESTEEM>>>>>MATERIALISM
/////////////
"As you breathe out slowly, breathe out with the great sound of letting go, Ahhh…"
///////////////buy experience-eg books,not goods
////////////RD BK-59 SECS,R WILSON
///////////////////COMEDY WILL MK HAPPY
////////////////INTENTIONAL CHANGE VS CIRCUMSTANTIAL CHANGE
////////////////HEDONISTIC HABITUATION
//////////////PATCHWORK MIND=Through the study of imprinted genes, researchers are also uncovering clues about how our parents’ genes influence our brain—it seems that maternal genes play a more important role in the formation of some brain areas, such as those for language and complex thought, and paternal genes have more influence in regions involved in growing, eating and mating. “You need both Mom and Dad in order to get a normal brain,” says Janine LaSalle, a medical microbiologist at the University of California, Davis, whose lab focuses on imprinting. “We’re really at the beginning of understanding what that means.”
To understand the implications of imprinting, it helps to know a few basics. Imprinting is an epigenetic (meaning “beyond genetic”) mechanism, a molecular change that can happen within a cell that affects the degree to which genes are activated, without changing the underlying genetic code. The type of imprinting that happens in egg and sperm cells is known as “genomic imprinting,” a reference to its fundamental heritable nature. Other types of imprinting can happen as a result of environmental influences, such as parental nurturing or abuse. [For more on epigenetics, see “The New Genetics of Mental Illness,” by Edmund S. Higgins; Scientific American Mind, June/July 2008.]
//////////////FTHR ABS MTHR,BUT DOES NOT UNDRSTND-NEEDS PSYCHORX BY AD
///////////////CA-RANDY PAUSCH LINE
//////////////PRNTAL DTH-LK TN PAL DTH LINE
//////////////LF IS LOW ENTROPY CONDITION
/////////////
Booting-Up The Universe: Divine Feat or Random Act?
By Johannes Koelman | September 4th 2009 09:37 AM | 1 comment | Print | E-mail | Track Comments
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MORE THE HAMMOCK PHYSICIST ARTICLES
Booting-Up The Universe: Divine Feat or Random Act?
What's Wrong With E=MC^2?
The Principle of Maximal Aging
All
ABOUT JOHANNES KOELMAN
I am a Dutchman, currently living in the US. Following a PhD in theoretical physics (spin-polarized quantum systems*) I entered a Global Fortune 500 company where I am pursuing a career in applied... Full Bio
Johannes
KoelmanWas an almighty God required to boot up the universe, or would a blindfolded monkey have sufficed?
What a silly question. Isn't it obvious that truly divine powers were needed to create our amazing universe capable of evolving systems of supreme complexity called 'life'? Maybe. Maybe not. It all boils down to the question: How special was the big boot, the mother of all boot-ups commonly referred to as the big bang?
Physicists have a well-defined and precise measure that describes how special, or rather how common, the state of a system is. This measure is called entropy. A system with high entropy is ordinary, and a system with low entropy is special. In a recent blog I explained that the entropy of a system is the minimum number of digits required to encode the physical state of the system. It is the number of digits required to single out what is, amongst the many possibilities that could be. If a physical system can be described in relatively few digits, a limited number of alternative states needed to be singled out, and the state of the system can be considered special. If a lot of digits are needed, the state is one out of many, and therefore rather common.
You and I are special. This should not surprise you. All life is special. Living beings are prime examples of systems of low entropy. Unfortunately, the entropy of any isolated system must increase. So the low entropy of living bodies can be maintained only by being in contact with a larger universe that generously accepts all excess entropy. To accommodate this excess entropy the universe itself needs to be in a very low entropy state. A state with hot stars in a cold dark space. Stars that provide low entropy radiation to the planets and their life forms, with the planets sending high entropy thermal radiation back into the cold universe. Low entropy in, high entropy out. The cycle that keeps you and me, and all life in the universe going.
With a universe that - after more than 13 billion years - is still in a state with low enough entropy to support life, the entropy at earlier times must have been even lower. In fact, it must have been incredibly low.
Penrose's Needle in a Haystack
In his thought provoking book The Emperor's New Mind, and more recently also in his magnum opus The Road to Reality, Wolf Prize winner Sir Roger Penrose follows these lines of reasoning, and argues that the big boot represents a truly spectacular feat. To start a low entropy universe in which life can be sustained, the operator of the universe had to select one of the relatively few acceptable boot sequences out of the virtually infinitely many sequences that can be formed using a total of 10122 digits.
You read that well, Penrose is not referring to the 10122 possible sequences consisting of 122 digits, but to the truly insane number of possible sequences consisting of 10122 digits. Although Penrose refrains from drawing the conclusion that an operator with divine powers must have controlled the big boot, this conclusion seems almost inevitable.
Or is it?
Let me try to convince you that the opposing hypothesis is not as far-fetched as it seems: the big boot could very well have been a random act.
Ball-'n-Boxes
Consider a ball-'n-boxes toy model. Say we have a ball that can be in one of ten boxes. Obviously, a single digit is required to describe the state of this system. The system has an entropy of one digit. Similarly, with 100 boxes being available to the ball, the entropy would be 2 digits.
In ball-'n-boxes systems a low entropy manifests itself via an encoding that requires fewer digits than expected based on the number of boxes. If 100 boxes are present, but the laws that govern the dynamics of the ball are such that for some time it is restricted to ten specific boxes, the entropy is (at least for a while) lower than two digits. With a suitable numbering of the boxes (i.e. by numbering the ten special boxes '0' - '9'), one digit would suffice to describe the state of the system. Hence, the entropy of this special ball-'n-boxes system is no more than one digit.
Penrose views the universe as a ball-'n-1010^122-boxes system. Unless this system is in special state, 10122 digits are needed to describe it.* However, our universe is special in the sense that whilst 1010^122 boxes are available, the vast majority of these boxes can be ruled out as having been inaccessible since the big boot. This translates into a much reduced entropy. In fact, Penrose estimates that spectacularly few digits are needed to describe our current universe. Out of the total number of 10122 digits at most one in every 1021 digits are required to describe the current universe. And to describe the earlier universe vastly fewer numbers of digits are needed.
A total number of states of 1010^122 is huge but finite. This means that Penrose's arguments are applicable only to bounded (closed) universes characterized by an upper limit on the allowed entropy Whether our universe is bounded or unbounded is an open problem related to the ultimate fate of the universe. However, the observed acceleration of the expansion of the observable universe strongly suggests that our universe might indeed be unbounded. Can we define a simple ball-'n-boxes model that describes an open universe in which the entropies can grow without bound?
Fibonacci universe
The answer is that this is surprisingly simple, provided we explicitly include in the model the dynamics of the ball. Those who have followed my recent blogs will not be surprised to see the reversible Fibonacci dynamics entering the spotlight again. We have already seen that the simple Fibonacci recipe (start from two initial numbers and repetitively add the last two numbers to create the next) creates surprising chaotic behaviors. Also, using Fibonacci's dynamics the arrow of time can be understood based on the low entropy start of the universe. Here, using Fibonacci's dynamics, we delve one level deeper and try to understand why the universe started in an extremely low entropy state. In the Fibonacci model we still have one ball, but an infinite number of boxes with each box uniquely labeled with an integer. The evolution of the Fibonacci universe is described by a sequence of numbers corresponding to the integer labels of the boxes subsequently visited by the ball. If at time t-1 the ball is in the box labeled Lt-1, and at time t it is in box Lt, then at time t+1 the ball will be in box Lt+1 = Lt + Lt-1.
Suppose after 20 time steps you observe the ball to be in the box labeled 459732, and after 21 time steps in box 743862.
Is this remarkable?
Sure it is! There is no reason to expect numbers of only a few digits. Infinitely more numbers with many more digits are available. Yet you observe box labels of only six digits. Evidently, your Fibonacci toy universe can be described in surprisingly few digits, and you conclude it is in a state of very, very low entropy.
Moreover, the number of digits must have increased at every time step** so at start of the universe, the entropy must have been even lower. How much lower is not relevant for the present discussion. The important point to note is that starting from the initial pair of boxes (the boxes visited by the ball in step zero and step one) up till the boxes visited at steps 20 and 21, just six digits per time step sufficed to describe the whole dynamics. We conclude that the first 20 time steps are described by a remarkably low entropy. But this holds for any starting pair of boxes. If we start at time t = 0 and t = 1 with the ball in boxes labeled with 100-digit integers, the same entropy increasing behavior is observed. Digits get added with time no matter what starting conditions are selected, and independent of the starting conditions the history of the universe appears to be characterized by a remarkably low entropy. It is practically impossible to avoid starting entropies low compared to later entropies.
With this behavior resulting from a simple Fibonacci's dynamics, surely it will result also from more complicated reversible dynamics laws. In fact, any unbounded reversible dynamics that is mildly chaotic can be expected to result in a universe that starts with a low entropy big bang. The starting condition simply doesn't matter.
Heck, do we even need a blindfolded monkey?
Notes
* More precisely, in 90% of the cases exactly 10122 digits are needed, in 9% of the cases 10122 - 1 digits are needed, in 0.9% of the cases 10122 - 2 digits are needed, etc. Now, for all practical purposes, 10122 - 10100, 10122 - 1030, and 10122 - 1 are all indistinguishable from 10122. Therefore, with a very high degree of accuracy, the entropy of this ball-'n-10122-boxes system is 10122 digits.
** The Fibonacci dynamics yields box labels that tend to increase each timestep by a factor equal to the golden ratio . It follows that on average every 1/10log() = 4.785 time steps a digit gets added.
///////////////KALER(GXE) NIYOMEI CA HOY-TOLB THEN PALLT
//////////////AFTER 70 BODY BCOMES A LOAD
//////////////usain BOLT 9.58 SEC FOR 100 M=ABT 10M/SEC
CHEETAH 33M/SEC
///////////////TECH- IT -EASY=CONTENT IS KING
////////BEFIKAAR,BINDASS,BARELY THERE CHOLI
/////////////NAMANUSH,ELOMELO
////////////////NOT ATANKA BUT SATARKA
/////////////////////COFFEED PPL SWAY IN FAVOUR
///////////////////
Friday 4 September 2009
CDS 050909-INTUBATED 30 WKR
///////////////NO MORE INTUBN JNX
//////////////DIFFY INTUBN-FROTHY SECRN,BENT NECK,BUT DID IT
////////////////GOD ON THE BRAIN-BPM-HORIZON
/////////////TOUCHED BY GOD
/////////////FAITH IN MIND
/////////////////TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY
///////////////////RELIGIOUS HALLUCINATION
/////////////////////BHOR HOWA=TLE
///////////////////////WHERE DOES RELIGS BLF COME FROM?
/////////////////////////DIVINE REVELATION-VISIONS
////////////////////////TOMAR BRAINER PROBLEM-AMADER SOBAR PICHHON MARCHHO?
////////////////////////7TH DAY ADVNTIST LEADER-HD INJURY
///////////////////////////ST PAUL,MOSES,INDIAN MYSTICS-TLE ENRICHED THEIR MENTAL LIFE
//////////////////////////////TLE PTS-GALVANIC SWEAT STIMULUS-GOD WORD INCR,SEX WORDS REDUCED STIMULUS
////////////////////////////MORE PRONE TO RELIGS BLF-IN TLE PTS
////////////////////////////////NEUROTHEOLOGY
///////////////////////////////DR NEUBERG
////////////////////////////////SENSE PRESENCE-RT TEMP LOBE ACTY
/////////////////////////////////DR PERSINGER
//////////////////////////////////LESS CA,HEART DIS-COULD BE SURVIVAL VALUE OF RLIGS BELIEF BRAINS
///////////////////////////////////////OR IS IT GODS ANTENNA IN SOME PERSONS BRAINS
/////////////////////////////////////////BRAIN STR OR SOCIAL CONDITIONING
///////////////////////////////SO RELIGN HAS SUCH TENACITY
//////////////DIFFY INTUBN-FROTHY SECRN,BENT NECK,BUT DID IT
////////////////GOD ON THE BRAIN-BPM-HORIZON
/////////////TOUCHED BY GOD
/////////////FAITH IN MIND
/////////////////TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY
///////////////////RELIGIOUS HALLUCINATION
/////////////////////BHOR HOWA=TLE
///////////////////////WHERE DOES RELIGS BLF COME FROM?
/////////////////////////DIVINE REVELATION-VISIONS
////////////////////////TOMAR BRAINER PROBLEM-AMADER SOBAR PICHHON MARCHHO?
////////////////////////7TH DAY ADVNTIST LEADER-HD INJURY
///////////////////////////ST PAUL,MOSES,INDIAN MYSTICS-TLE ENRICHED THEIR MENTAL LIFE
//////////////////////////////TLE PTS-GALVANIC SWEAT STIMULUS-GOD WORD INCR,SEX WORDS REDUCED STIMULUS
////////////////////////////MORE PRONE TO RELIGS BLF-IN TLE PTS
////////////////////////////////NEUROTHEOLOGY
///////////////////////////////DR NEUBERG
////////////////////////////////SENSE PRESENCE-RT TEMP LOBE ACTY
/////////////////////////////////DR PERSINGER
//////////////////////////////////LESS CA,HEART DIS-COULD BE SURVIVAL VALUE OF RLIGS BELIEF BRAINS
///////////////////////////////////////OR IS IT GODS ANTENNA IN SOME PERSONS BRAINS
/////////////////////////////////////////BRAIN STR OR SOCIAL CONDITIONING
///////////////////////////////SO RELIGN HAS SUCH TENACITY
Thursday 3 September 2009
CDS 030909-BDAY 45-UAC/UVC YDAY-ABKJK
Then You Are Them
Fredric Jameson: Margaret Atwood’s Dystopia
Margaret Atwood’s new novel, The Year of the Flood, is set in the same dystopian future as her earlier book Oryx and Crake, a future in which, in Fredric Jameson’s words, capitalist society has broken down ‘into the various private contractors to whom social needs are outsourced’. Atwood’s dystopia isn’t like Orwell’s in 1984: its colours ‘have a loathsome pastel quality, like drugstores; its bunny suits and fluffy fabrics reflect the bad taste of infantile mass production; the bloody physical violence is that of cartoons rather than Hitler.’ It is, in other words, American. The Year of the Flood, Jameson argues, can be read as ‘the expression of an ideological doctrine’: it’s important to remember that Atwood is Canadian, and ‘no little of her imaginative power comes from her privileged position above the border of the lower 48.’
/////////////////INHERENT VICE
//////////////////LOWER UPPER CLASS
/////////////////ANOTHER SELF
////////////////////For all the self-deprecation there was scant self-pity. As time and illness overtook him and many of his friends he was impatient with those who fussed over the inevitable. ‘It’s just death let’s face it.’ In 1994 death came for Alvilde, to whom, in their last years, he had grown close once more. His grief was recorded like everything else and with painful economy: ‘The evenings alone are agony, and the nights frightening.’ He survived his wife by four years and outlived his diary by less than two months, the last entry, written in hospital, a final comment on his own inadequacy: ‘My handwriting is very shaky. Damn it.’
Rosemary Hill’s biography of Pugin, God’s Architect,
////////////////Modern celebrities are often in the habit of making their staff sign confidentiality agreements.
////////////////Inside the Barrel
Brent Hayes Edwards
The French Atlantic Triangle: Literature and Culture of the Slave Trade by Christopher Miller Buy this book
In May 2001, the French National Assembly passed a law, the Loi Taubira (named after Christiane Taubira, the Socialist deputy who sponsored the bill), recognising the Atlantic slave trade as a ‘crime against humanity’. France is, as a result, the only country in the world that has condemned slavery in the name of human rights. The law was controversial not only for its seeming admission of national ‘guilt’, as some critics put it, but also because it appeared to prescribe a state policy on the presentation of the past: Article Two required that the slave trade and slavery be taken into account in education policy and research funding. The law was vague as to what exactly would be required, but in 2004 the government formed a Comité pour la mémoire de l’esclavage to devise a programme for use in schools. At the same time, planning began for a Centre national pour la mémoire des esclavages et de leurs abolitions, conceived as a research centre, an archive and a memorial.
=LRB
/////////////////////GLOOMY SUNDAY AFTERNOONS
//////////////////SUCCESS AND EXCESS
//////////////YSR 1949-2009-RIP
////////////////////
Fredric Jameson: Margaret Atwood’s Dystopia
Margaret Atwood’s new novel, The Year of the Flood, is set in the same dystopian future as her earlier book Oryx and Crake, a future in which, in Fredric Jameson’s words, capitalist society has broken down ‘into the various private contractors to whom social needs are outsourced’. Atwood’s dystopia isn’t like Orwell’s in 1984: its colours ‘have a loathsome pastel quality, like drugstores; its bunny suits and fluffy fabrics reflect the bad taste of infantile mass production; the bloody physical violence is that of cartoons rather than Hitler.’ It is, in other words, American. The Year of the Flood, Jameson argues, can be read as ‘the expression of an ideological doctrine’: it’s important to remember that Atwood is Canadian, and ‘no little of her imaginative power comes from her privileged position above the border of the lower 48.’
/////////////////INHERENT VICE
//////////////////LOWER UPPER CLASS
/////////////////ANOTHER SELF
////////////////////For all the self-deprecation there was scant self-pity. As time and illness overtook him and many of his friends he was impatient with those who fussed over the inevitable. ‘It’s just death let’s face it.’ In 1994 death came for Alvilde, to whom, in their last years, he had grown close once more. His grief was recorded like everything else and with painful economy: ‘The evenings alone are agony, and the nights frightening.’ He survived his wife by four years and outlived his diary by less than two months, the last entry, written in hospital, a final comment on his own inadequacy: ‘My handwriting is very shaky. Damn it.’
Rosemary Hill’s biography of Pugin, God’s Architect,
////////////////Modern celebrities are often in the habit of making their staff sign confidentiality agreements.
////////////////Inside the Barrel
Brent Hayes Edwards
The French Atlantic Triangle: Literature and Culture of the Slave Trade by Christopher Miller Buy this book
In May 2001, the French National Assembly passed a law, the Loi Taubira (named after Christiane Taubira, the Socialist deputy who sponsored the bill), recognising the Atlantic slave trade as a ‘crime against humanity’. France is, as a result, the only country in the world that has condemned slavery in the name of human rights. The law was controversial not only for its seeming admission of national ‘guilt’, as some critics put it, but also because it appeared to prescribe a state policy on the presentation of the past: Article Two required that the slave trade and slavery be taken into account in education policy and research funding. The law was vague as to what exactly would be required, but in 2004 the government formed a Comité pour la mémoire de l’esclavage to devise a programme for use in schools. At the same time, planning began for a Centre national pour la mémoire des esclavages et de leurs abolitions, conceived as a research centre, an archive and a memorial.
=LRB
/////////////////////GLOOMY SUNDAY AFTERNOONS
//////////////////SUCCESS AND EXCESS
//////////////YSR 1949-2009-RIP
////////////////////
Wednesday 2 September 2009
CDS 030909-TRNING 45-D16425/25000-NAMT-MAYBE 9K TMRROWS-20 MR YRS TO WRK
CDS 030909-TRNING 45-D16425/25000-NAMT-MAYBE 9K TMRROWS-20 MR YRS TO WRK
/////////////////////HIGH ANXTY LF-DTR BLD CRSS/BC CRSS
///////////////DEFAULT POSITION SEMI-RECLINED ON BED WITH LPTP IN SITU
////////////////////ADAR BAPARI KEEPING JAHAJER KHOBOR-ABKJK
////////////////////////////////////////FREQ DOM QRRLS-BTH PCKING ON ECH OTHR
/////////////////////////////////FTHR SKN CA? CRSS/HRT CRSS-APALU-AGNG PRNTS R LVNG US
///////////////////////////////RECENT KOL HOLS-UNEASE AND DISEASE
//////////////////KOL BONECHHE HELL
/////////////////////HIGH ANXTY LF-DTR BLD CRSS/BC CRSS
///////////////DEFAULT POSITION SEMI-RECLINED ON BED WITH LPTP IN SITU
////////////////////ADAR BAPARI KEEPING JAHAJER KHOBOR-ABKJK
////////////////////////////////////////FREQ DOM QRRLS-BTH PCKING ON ECH OTHR
/////////////////////////////////FTHR SKN CA? CRSS/HRT CRSS-APALU-AGNG PRNTS R LVNG US
///////////////////////////////RECENT KOL HOLS-UNEASE AND DISEASE
//////////////////KOL BONECHHE HELL
Tuesday 1 September 2009
EK ADAR BYAPARIR JAHAJ DIARY
///////////////////"Entering into the pain ends suffering. I meet resistance with non-resistance."
///////////////WKR SCTN WAD NEED TO BE BC MR THN SLF
///////////////FTHR SKN CA CRSS
How to Check Yourself Out for Signs of Skin Cancer
Sure, you know that you should check your body for moles and other signs of skin cancer. But what exactly are you supposed to look for and how?
By Diana Rodriguez
Medically reviewed by Niya Jones, MD, MPH
Print Email
You see your skin every day, but how closely do you really look at it? Do you examine it regularly for suspicious-looking body moles or facial moles, or for any unusual or changing patches of skin? If you don't already check your skin for changes, the considered advice of skin cancer experts is start today.
Facial Moles and Body Moles: Why a Skin Examination Is Important
Your doctor should check each year to look for any of the warning signs of skin cancer. But part of a healthy skin care regimen should also include a monthly self-examination. A regular and thorough examination can allow you to spot any pre-cancerous or cancerous growths at an early stage. And the sooner you catch skin cancer, the better your odds of treating it successfully.
If you don’t make a habit of checking your skin because you think skin cancer can't happen to you, think again. The most common type of cancer is skin cancer, and the number of people affected rises each year.
How to Check Your Skin for Facial Moles and Body Moles
Once a month, stand in a brightly lit room in front of a full-length mirror and look closely at your skin. (You can also ask your partner to check for facial and body moles with you so that you can scan each other’s bodies.)
Start with the front of your body. Examine your face, ears, neck, and throat.
Inspect your chest (women should lift up their breasts and check the undersides). Look at the armpits, the tops and bottoms of the arms, and the hands and fingers. Don't forget to check fingernails and the skin between your fingers.
Sit on a chair to examine the tops of your thighs, the front of your legs, and your feet. Don't forget the toenails and the skin between your toes.
Using a hand mirror, start at the bottom and check the back of your body. Inspect the soles of your feet, the backs of your legs and thighs, genitals, and buttocks.
Examine your upper and lower back, shoulders, and the back of your neck.
Last, don't forget your hairline and scalp. A hairbrush or hair dryer can help move hair so that you can see every area of your scalp.
Body Moles and Skin Cancer: What to Look For
To spot the warning signs of skin cancer, it's important to be able to tell the difference between a normal, healthy mole and a potentially cancerous facial mole or body mole. You're checking your skin for three main types of skin cancer: basal cell, squamous cell, and melanoma.
Basal cell carcinomas may be flat or slightly raised, have a reddish or pink tint, and often appear shiny. This type of skin cancer is usually found on the face, neck, hands or arms.
Squamous cell carcinomas look like scaly, crusty bumps in the skin. They may also start out as a smooth patch of red skin.
Body moles or facial moles that indicate melanoma may be asymmetrical, have jagged edges, contain several colors, and often tend to be larger than a pencil eraser. You may also notice bleeding after minor irritation of these moles. “A healthy mole is uniform in color and symmetric, while an atypical mole is multi-colored, rapidly growing, and it bleeds,” says Mary C. Martini, MD, director of the Pigmented Lesion and Melanoma Clinic at Northwestern Memorial Hospital.
If you notice any changes in your skin or in any body or facial moles, tell your doctor and promptly schedule a skin examination.
Once you've gotten into the habit of checking each month, it will be easy to spot any changes and potential warning signs of skin cancer. Before you know it, you'll be an expert on your skin, and will be able to consult your doctor as soon as you find any suspicious facial moles or body moles.
Last Updated: 12/21/2008
////////////////////Smile, breathe, and go slowly"
Thich Nhat Hanh
/////////////////Nothing is permanent in this wicked world—not even our troubles."
Charlie Chaplin
///////////////////"Tension is who you think you should be. Relaxation is who you are."
Chinese proverb
////////////////"For fast-acting relief, try slowing down."
Lily Tomlin
////////////////There is more to life than increasing its speed."
Mahatma Gandhi
///////////////////How beautiful it is to do nothing, and then to rest afterward."
Spanish proverb
///////////////////Bookstores What can I say? I love to read - I read about ten books a month for my own enjoyment and probably five more for The Simple Dollar and other professional purposes. The smell and feel and sight of a new book is like manna to me. I usually resist most of my impulses by arguing to myself that I can get those books at the library or off of PaperBackSwap, but it’s definitely a struggle - one I don’t always win.
////////////////void them entirely. The easiest way not to be tempted is to simply not visit these stores at all. This works to a certain extent. For years, I had a routine of going to a bookstore each Tuesday (to check out the new releases) and each Friday (to “celebrate” the end of a workweek). This routine usually meant that I would wind up buying a book or two at each visit, which could easily add up to $40 a week.
By simply breaking that routine, it was easy to see a tremendous amount of financial benefit - as much as $2,000 per year. While I still do visit bookstores on occasion, they’re no longer part of any sort of routine. This makes the individual visits much more enjoying, since they’re more infrequent and not based on any sort of schedule.
Take notes. If you visit a store, fall in love with lots of items, and are tempted to buy, stop. Pull out a notepad and write down all of the things that are tempting you. List the books, food ideas, clothing, games, or other items that are really intriguing you.
This serves two purposes. First, you can take the list home and do further research on the item(s) and some comparison shopping. Second, it allows you to utilize the “thirty day rule,” where you agree not to buy the item for thirty days and then re-evaluate at the end of the period whether or not you actually want the item.
//////////////////////Use the ten second rule. Sometimes, on an impulsive whim, you’ll pick up an item and make the split-second decision to buy it. As you head to the cashier, stop for ten seconds and ask yourself if you really need this item after all, or if you couldn’t get a better deal on it elsewhere.
For me, this works quite well to at least slow impulse buys. I’ll usually put the item back and add it to my list (see the earlier tip). It doesn’t necessarily mean that I won’t end up with the item in the future, but it will be bought with a rational, not an impulsive, mind.
/////////////////////Shortcut To DEATH
Zebra crossings, medians, guard rails — nothing can prevent Kolkata pedestrians from breaking rules & straying on roads
Jayanta Gupta | TNN
Aformer additional commissioner of Kolkata Police narrates this interesting anecdote whenever he is asked to speak on the city’s traffic situation. “I was taking around a dignitary who was on his first visit to Kolkata. After a while, he said he was amazed to see so many ‘traffic policemen’ on
the streets. I did not understand. He then explained that he was talking about all the people who would simply walk across the street without a care in the world, raising their palms at oncoming vehicles, expecting them to stop.”
Kolkata is a jaywalker’s paradise. At any hour of the day, on any street, through thin or heavy traffic you would see them darting across the road, or simply strolling across. Teenagers are as guilty as grandmas, woman with children in tow and smartly dressed office executives. You would think it was a part of Kolkata’s culture. A dangerous one.
///////////////////
///////////////WKR SCTN WAD NEED TO BE BC MR THN SLF
///////////////FTHR SKN CA CRSS
How to Check Yourself Out for Signs of Skin Cancer
Sure, you know that you should check your body for moles and other signs of skin cancer. But what exactly are you supposed to look for and how?
By Diana Rodriguez
Medically reviewed by Niya Jones, MD, MPH
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You see your skin every day, but how closely do you really look at it? Do you examine it regularly for suspicious-looking body moles or facial moles, or for any unusual or changing patches of skin? If you don't already check your skin for changes, the considered advice of skin cancer experts is start today.
Facial Moles and Body Moles: Why a Skin Examination Is Important
Your doctor should check each year to look for any of the warning signs of skin cancer. But part of a healthy skin care regimen should also include a monthly self-examination. A regular and thorough examination can allow you to spot any pre-cancerous or cancerous growths at an early stage. And the sooner you catch skin cancer, the better your odds of treating it successfully.
If you don’t make a habit of checking your skin because you think skin cancer can't happen to you, think again. The most common type of cancer is skin cancer, and the number of people affected rises each year.
How to Check Your Skin for Facial Moles and Body Moles
Once a month, stand in a brightly lit room in front of a full-length mirror and look closely at your skin. (You can also ask your partner to check for facial and body moles with you so that you can scan each other’s bodies.)
Start with the front of your body. Examine your face, ears, neck, and throat.
Inspect your chest (women should lift up their breasts and check the undersides). Look at the armpits, the tops and bottoms of the arms, and the hands and fingers. Don't forget to check fingernails and the skin between your fingers.
Sit on a chair to examine the tops of your thighs, the front of your legs, and your feet. Don't forget the toenails and the skin between your toes.
Using a hand mirror, start at the bottom and check the back of your body. Inspect the soles of your feet, the backs of your legs and thighs, genitals, and buttocks.
Examine your upper and lower back, shoulders, and the back of your neck.
Last, don't forget your hairline and scalp. A hairbrush or hair dryer can help move hair so that you can see every area of your scalp.
Body Moles and Skin Cancer: What to Look For
To spot the warning signs of skin cancer, it's important to be able to tell the difference between a normal, healthy mole and a potentially cancerous facial mole or body mole. You're checking your skin for three main types of skin cancer: basal cell, squamous cell, and melanoma.
Basal cell carcinomas may be flat or slightly raised, have a reddish or pink tint, and often appear shiny. This type of skin cancer is usually found on the face, neck, hands or arms.
Squamous cell carcinomas look like scaly, crusty bumps in the skin. They may also start out as a smooth patch of red skin.
Body moles or facial moles that indicate melanoma may be asymmetrical, have jagged edges, contain several colors, and often tend to be larger than a pencil eraser. You may also notice bleeding after minor irritation of these moles. “A healthy mole is uniform in color and symmetric, while an atypical mole is multi-colored, rapidly growing, and it bleeds,” says Mary C. Martini, MD, director of the Pigmented Lesion and Melanoma Clinic at Northwestern Memorial Hospital.
If you notice any changes in your skin or in any body or facial moles, tell your doctor and promptly schedule a skin examination.
Once you've gotten into the habit of checking each month, it will be easy to spot any changes and potential warning signs of skin cancer. Before you know it, you'll be an expert on your skin, and will be able to consult your doctor as soon as you find any suspicious facial moles or body moles.
Last Updated: 12/21/2008
////////////////////Smile, breathe, and go slowly"
Thich Nhat Hanh
/////////////////Nothing is permanent in this wicked world—not even our troubles."
Charlie Chaplin
///////////////////"Tension is who you think you should be. Relaxation is who you are."
Chinese proverb
////////////////"For fast-acting relief, try slowing down."
Lily Tomlin
////////////////There is more to life than increasing its speed."
Mahatma Gandhi
///////////////////How beautiful it is to do nothing, and then to rest afterward."
Spanish proverb
///////////////////Bookstores What can I say? I love to read - I read about ten books a month for my own enjoyment and probably five more for The Simple Dollar and other professional purposes. The smell and feel and sight of a new book is like manna to me. I usually resist most of my impulses by arguing to myself that I can get those books at the library or off of PaperBackSwap, but it’s definitely a struggle - one I don’t always win.
////////////////void them entirely. The easiest way not to be tempted is to simply not visit these stores at all. This works to a certain extent. For years, I had a routine of going to a bookstore each Tuesday (to check out the new releases) and each Friday (to “celebrate” the end of a workweek). This routine usually meant that I would wind up buying a book or two at each visit, which could easily add up to $40 a week.
By simply breaking that routine, it was easy to see a tremendous amount of financial benefit - as much as $2,000 per year. While I still do visit bookstores on occasion, they’re no longer part of any sort of routine. This makes the individual visits much more enjoying, since they’re more infrequent and not based on any sort of schedule.
Take notes. If you visit a store, fall in love with lots of items, and are tempted to buy, stop. Pull out a notepad and write down all of the things that are tempting you. List the books, food ideas, clothing, games, or other items that are really intriguing you.
This serves two purposes. First, you can take the list home and do further research on the item(s) and some comparison shopping. Second, it allows you to utilize the “thirty day rule,” where you agree not to buy the item for thirty days and then re-evaluate at the end of the period whether or not you actually want the item.
//////////////////////Use the ten second rule. Sometimes, on an impulsive whim, you’ll pick up an item and make the split-second decision to buy it. As you head to the cashier, stop for ten seconds and ask yourself if you really need this item after all, or if you couldn’t get a better deal on it elsewhere.
For me, this works quite well to at least slow impulse buys. I’ll usually put the item back and add it to my list (see the earlier tip). It doesn’t necessarily mean that I won’t end up with the item in the future, but it will be bought with a rational, not an impulsive, mind.
/////////////////////Shortcut To DEATH
Zebra crossings, medians, guard rails — nothing can prevent Kolkata pedestrians from breaking rules & straying on roads
Jayanta Gupta | TNN
Aformer additional commissioner of Kolkata Police narrates this interesting anecdote whenever he is asked to speak on the city’s traffic situation. “I was taking around a dignitary who was on his first visit to Kolkata. After a while, he said he was amazed to see so many ‘traffic policemen’ on
the streets. I did not understand. He then explained that he was talking about all the people who would simply walk across the street without a care in the world, raising their palms at oncoming vehicles, expecting them to stop.”
Kolkata is a jaywalker’s paradise. At any hour of the day, on any street, through thin or heavy traffic you would see them darting across the road, or simply strolling across. Teenagers are as guilty as grandmas, woman with children in tow and smartly dressed office executives. You would think it was a part of Kolkata’s culture. A dangerous one.
///////////////////
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