As the circulating volume of a child is approximately 80 ml/kg, if more than 40 ml/kg of fluid is used for resuscitation, one-half of the child's circulating volume will have been given. If much more fluid resuscitation is needed, significant haemodilution may result, and consideration should be given to using blood for fluid resuscitation with measurements of the CVP (effectively cardiac preload) to guide fluid resuscitation and the haematocrit to guide the need for blood transfusion.
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