/////////////////MANTRA-NONSENSE CODE TO ENTER LONG TERM MMRY
///////////////////darwinian RACE IN MIND
///////////////////PRNTS IN ISKCON MANDIR,MYLAPORE,NADIA
////////////////////JBCTS IN VK- CR INDSTRY,BNKS
/////////////////////
Periodontitis linked to prematurity, low birth weight, and fetal growth restriction
From Maternal Chorioamnionitis, Pediatrics: Cardiac Disease and Critical Care Medicine
//////////////////////DARWINIAN RACE BETN 3 BLOGS
///////////////////////Obtain blood culture before administering antibiotics. Neonates aged 0-30 days should be treated with combination of IV ampicillin and a third-generation cephalosporin or gentamicin.44 For infants aged 31-60 days, a third-generation IV cephalosporin alone is recommended as first-line therapy.44, 51, 52 IV ampicillin is recommended in addition to a third-generation cephalosporin for severely ill infants aged 31-60 days or for infants in this age group with UTI.44, 51, 52, 53 In addition to the antibiotics discussed above, vancomycin should be considered in settings where MRSA is prevalent or suspected. Children aged 2-36 months should be treated with antibiotic(s) as indicated.
///////////////////OWN HS FVCKD UP? AMEN
/////////////////////BRN CONNECTIVITY-SUBCONSC BRINGS UP AN OLD MMRY AFTR SOMETIME
//////////////////
Friday, 20 February 2009
Saturday, 14 February 2009
SILENCE OF THE STARS-SILENCE OF THE GRVE
///////////////////ID LK TO MK U RPRDUCE
///////////////FIRST WORLD-34 INDUSTRIALISED COUNTRIES
//////////////The High Court in New Delhi is so behind in its work that it could take up to 466 years to clear the enormous backlog, the court’s chief justice said in a damning report that illustrates the decrepitude of India’s judicial system.
The Delhi High Court races through each case in an average of four minutes and 55 seconds but still has tens of thousands of cases pending, including upward of 600 that are more than 20 years old, according to the report.
////////////////.......native Brazilian Indians are not from India. (In Portugese, native Indians are called Indios and people from India are called Indianos, but the English language using the same word for these two is no excuse for such confusion.)
/////////////////TRAPPED IN TIME,QUEING FOR DTH
///////////////////AMO ERGO SUM
/////////////////
///////////////FIRST WORLD-34 INDUSTRIALISED COUNTRIES
//////////////The High Court in New Delhi is so behind in its work that it could take up to 466 years to clear the enormous backlog, the court’s chief justice said in a damning report that illustrates the decrepitude of India’s judicial system.
The Delhi High Court races through each case in an average of four minutes and 55 seconds but still has tens of thousands of cases pending, including upward of 600 that are more than 20 years old, according to the report.
////////////////.......native Brazilian Indians are not from India. (In Portugese, native Indians are called Indios and people from India are called Indianos, but the English language using the same word for these two is no excuse for such confusion.)
/////////////////TRAPPED IN TIME,QUEING FOR DTH
///////////////////AMO ERGO SUM
/////////////////
CDS 140209-VLNTN DY-DMSTC QRRLS AT HM-HS MLDEW
//////////////RL DRL AXDNT PRISSA
/////////////////NCRPHLA -OOIDA-DTH SNTNC
//////////////////JD GDY DTHING-PPP
///////////////////When a rich businessman began to choke on a fish bone at a restaurant, a doctor seated at a nearby table sprang up, performed the Heimlich maneuver, and saved his life.
"Thank you, thank you!" said the businessman. "Please, I insist on paying you. Just name the fee."
"Okay," said the doctor. "How about half of what you'd have offered when the bone was still stuck in your throat?"
RD=
////////////////////////
/////////////////NCRPHLA -OOIDA-DTH SNTNC
//////////////////JD GDY DTHING-PPP
///////////////////When a rich businessman began to choke on a fish bone at a restaurant, a doctor seated at a nearby table sprang up, performed the Heimlich maneuver, and saved his life.
"Thank you, thank you!" said the businessman. "Please, I insist on paying you. Just name the fee."
"Okay," said the doctor. "How about half of what you'd have offered when the bone was still stuck in your throat?"
RD=
////////////////////////
Wednesday, 11 February 2009
MONSTER-IN-LAW
DE-196-TLT LK,KOL
///////////////New Caregiver Here
by LadyOnAHarley
My mother passed over March 30, 2008. Before she did, she made me promise to take care of my father. So, I promised. He wound up in the hospital severly dehydrated. They wanted to put him in a nursing home because he lived alone and there was no one to care for him. I told them I was moving in to take care of him if they could just keep him a few more days allowing me time to move my stuff. I gave up my apartment, signed it over to my boyfriend, gave up my boyfriend, gave up my kids, and my life as I knew it and moved in.
He had colon surgery Oct 3rd. The surgeon said he got it all. So we just assumed he got all the cancer. When we went back to the doctor who did his colonoscopy, he said he doesn't understand why the surgeon always says that without explaining to his patients what he got all of. Well, what he did get all of was the mass that was blocking my father from going to the bathroom. What he failed to explain was the fact that the cancer had already spread before they removed it. He's in stage three. He also has Alzheimer's. He has bouts of violence, but, very rarely on the violence. He forgets he's in his own home and at times insists he's in someone else's home. He still does for him self, like going to the bathroom, fixing his own food at times, dressing him self. With all that he's good one day bad the next. Yesturday morning he came down stairs and said to me,"I don't understand it. I know this is my house but, I don't know how I got here." The other night, my night aide said he was looking for his brother under the couch cushins. He's been like this for the last four or five days. His mind is starting to come back and he'll be good for a while until the Alzheimer's kicks in again.
//////////////////BLF NT=The war against entropy
by s
A few days ago I picked up a copy of the latest issue of Spirituality & Health. There was an article by neuroscientist Peggy La Cerra about self, the evolutionary untiliy of our 'selves', and what self is neurologically. It was a most interesting article and I decided to followup with her related book, The Origin of Minds (with Roger Bingham). As it is out of print (2002) and a used copy is over $32.00 plus S&H, I located it in our local library.
When La Cerra was a younger lady, from a string of rather nasty personal events (at least 3 close deaths of family and friends, one after another), she found herself depressed. Being a student of neurological processes, she contemplated her current situation of depression and hit upon the answer. This immediately took her out of her depression and she began writing down her new theory. It resulted in a paper published in 1998 (I believe it was) and then the 2002 book.
La Cerra considered that all types of life are in a war again entropy. Any organism must expend less energy to acquire the energy (nourishment) to live, otherwise death occurs. This war against entropy is an evolutionary drive. What La Cerra saw originally, which she didn't write about in the first paper or the book, only making it public in the magazine article, was that her depression was a survival mechanism. Her own biology was shutting down to conserve energy, because the chain of circumstances she happened to find herself in, were overcoming her drive to acquire a surplus of energy necessary for survival. I find this idea immensely appealing, and most probably true.
/////////////////////AS=How To Sell More: Encourage Your Customers To Touch Everything
by Vito Rispo
or: How To Overcome Bias: Don’t Touch Anything For Sale Anywhere
According to a new Ohio State University study, merely touching a product in a store can make you willing to pay more for it. It’s been known for a while that consumers tend to feel ownership of goods even before they buy them, but this study is the first to examine that phenomenon in any depth. Researchers have shown that it can take as little as 30 seconds after first touching an object for a consumer to grow attached to it, even something as insignificant as a coffee mug.
The researchers ran a study where participants were shown a coffee mug, and were allowed to hold it either for 10 seconds or 30 seconds. Then they were then allowed to bid on the mug in either a closed (where bids could not be seen) or open (where they could be seen) auction, and all participants were told the retail price of the mug. It turns out that people who held the coffee mug longer seemed not only more compelled to outbid others in an auction, but they were also more willing to bid more than the retail price for that item. Read on for a detailed description of the study, and some suggestions on what this phenomenon means in practical terms:
//////////////////////Google Gmail Within Striking Distance Of Hotmail
by d
The growth of Google (NSDQ: GOOG)'s Gmail service is accelerating and, if current trends continue, it could surpass Windows Live Hotmail by the end of this year.Between December 2007 and December 2008, Gmail's number of unique monthly visitors in the United States grew 43%, from …
NV=
///////////////////Bill Gates just released mosquitos into the audience at TED and said, 'Not only poor people should experience this.'"
That was the post by Facebook's Senior Platform Manager Dave Morin on social networking site Twitter.
The event took place at the TED2009 (Technology, Entertainment and Design) conference on Wednesday in Long Beach, Calif., where the Microsoft chairman was delivering a presentation about malaria education and eradication. Malaria is transmitted from person to person via mosquito bites.
/////////////////////DARWIN: THE RELUCTANT MATHEMATICIAN
Despite disliking mathematics, the great biologist inadvertently advanced statistics By Julie Rehmeyer Web edition : 2:16 pm Text Size
Enlarge
COMMON TOADFLAXDarwin by chance noticed that the seeds from cross-fertilized Common Toadflax plants grew into bigger, stronger plants than the plants from self-fertilized seeds. The observation spurred further experiments.
For all his other talents, Charles Darwin wasn’t much of a mathematician. In his autobiography, he writes that he studied math as a young man but also remembers that “it was repugnant to me.” He dismissed complex mathematical arguments and wrote to a friend, “I have no faith in anything short of actual measurement and the Rule of Three,” where the “Rule of Three” was an extremely simple mathematical calculation.
But history played a joke on the great biologist: It made him a contributor to the development of statistics.
////////////////Early whales gave birth on land
by scinews@sciencenews.org (Science News)
Fossil finds help fill in gaps in the land-to-water transition
/////////////////Life expectancy up when cities clean the air
by scinews@sciencenews.org (Science News)
Study shows people live longer after fine-particulate air pollution reduced
///////////////////Most heritable surnames, like Y chromosomes, are passed from father
to son. These unique cultural markers of coancestry might therefore have a
genetic correlate in shared Y chromosome types among men sharing
surnames, although the link could be affected by mutation, multiple
foundation for names, nonpaternity, and genetic drift.
///////////////////verall the finding is that women with higher BMI (heavier for their height) tend to make less money than slimmer women.
/////////////////Central Africa is currently peopled by numerous sedentary agriculturalist populations neighboring the largest group of mobile hunter-gatherers, the Pygmies [1,2,3]. Although archeological remains attest to Homo sapiens' presence in the Congo Basin for at least 30,000 years, the demographic history of these groups, including divergence and admixture, remains widely unknown [4,5,6]. Moreover, it is still debated whether common history or convergent adaptation to a forest environment resulted in the short stature characterizing the pygmies [2,7]. We genotyped 604 individuals at 28 autosomal tetranucleotide microsatellite loci in 12 nonpygmy and 9 neighboring pygmy populations. We found a high level of genetic heterogeneity among Western Central African pygmies, as well as evidence of heterogeneous levels of asymmetrical gene flow from nonpygmies to pygmies, consistent with the variable sociocultural barriers against intermarriages. Using approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) methods [8], we compared several historical scenarios. The most likely points toward a unique ancestral pygmy population that diversified 2800 years ago, contemporarily with the Neolithic expansion of nonpygmy agriculturalists [9,10]. Our results show that recent isolation, genetic drift, and heterogeneous admixture enabled a rapid and substantial genetic differentiation among Western Central African pygmies. Such an admixture pattern is consistent with the various sociocultural behaviors related to intermariages between pygmies and nonpygmies.
//////////////////
///////////////New Caregiver Here
by LadyOnAHarley
My mother passed over March 30, 2008. Before she did, she made me promise to take care of my father. So, I promised. He wound up in the hospital severly dehydrated. They wanted to put him in a nursing home because he lived alone and there was no one to care for him. I told them I was moving in to take care of him if they could just keep him a few more days allowing me time to move my stuff. I gave up my apartment, signed it over to my boyfriend, gave up my boyfriend, gave up my kids, and my life as I knew it and moved in.
He had colon surgery Oct 3rd. The surgeon said he got it all. So we just assumed he got all the cancer. When we went back to the doctor who did his colonoscopy, he said he doesn't understand why the surgeon always says that without explaining to his patients what he got all of. Well, what he did get all of was the mass that was blocking my father from going to the bathroom. What he failed to explain was the fact that the cancer had already spread before they removed it. He's in stage three. He also has Alzheimer's. He has bouts of violence, but, very rarely on the violence. He forgets he's in his own home and at times insists he's in someone else's home. He still does for him self, like going to the bathroom, fixing his own food at times, dressing him self. With all that he's good one day bad the next. Yesturday morning he came down stairs and said to me,"I don't understand it. I know this is my house but, I don't know how I got here." The other night, my night aide said he was looking for his brother under the couch cushins. He's been like this for the last four or five days. His mind is starting to come back and he'll be good for a while until the Alzheimer's kicks in again.
//////////////////BLF NT=The war against entropy
by s
A few days ago I picked up a copy of the latest issue of Spirituality & Health. There was an article by neuroscientist Peggy La Cerra about self, the evolutionary untiliy of our 'selves', and what self is neurologically. It was a most interesting article and I decided to followup with her related book, The Origin of Minds (with Roger Bingham). As it is out of print (2002) and a used copy is over $32.00 plus S&H, I located it in our local library.
When La Cerra was a younger lady, from a string of rather nasty personal events (at least 3 close deaths of family and friends, one after another), she found herself depressed. Being a student of neurological processes, she contemplated her current situation of depression and hit upon the answer. This immediately took her out of her depression and she began writing down her new theory. It resulted in a paper published in 1998 (I believe it was) and then the 2002 book.
La Cerra considered that all types of life are in a war again entropy. Any organism must expend less energy to acquire the energy (nourishment) to live, otherwise death occurs. This war against entropy is an evolutionary drive. What La Cerra saw originally, which she didn't write about in the first paper or the book, only making it public in the magazine article, was that her depression was a survival mechanism. Her own biology was shutting down to conserve energy, because the chain of circumstances she happened to find herself in, were overcoming her drive to acquire a surplus of energy necessary for survival. I find this idea immensely appealing, and most probably true.
/////////////////////AS=How To Sell More: Encourage Your Customers To Touch Everything
by Vito Rispo
or: How To Overcome Bias: Don’t Touch Anything For Sale Anywhere
According to a new Ohio State University study, merely touching a product in a store can make you willing to pay more for it. It’s been known for a while that consumers tend to feel ownership of goods even before they buy them, but this study is the first to examine that phenomenon in any depth. Researchers have shown that it can take as little as 30 seconds after first touching an object for a consumer to grow attached to it, even something as insignificant as a coffee mug.
The researchers ran a study where participants were shown a coffee mug, and were allowed to hold it either for 10 seconds or 30 seconds. Then they were then allowed to bid on the mug in either a closed (where bids could not be seen) or open (where they could be seen) auction, and all participants were told the retail price of the mug. It turns out that people who held the coffee mug longer seemed not only more compelled to outbid others in an auction, but they were also more willing to bid more than the retail price for that item. Read on for a detailed description of the study, and some suggestions on what this phenomenon means in practical terms:
//////////////////////Google Gmail Within Striking Distance Of Hotmail
by d
The growth of Google (NSDQ: GOOG)'s Gmail service is accelerating and, if current trends continue, it could surpass Windows Live Hotmail by the end of this year.Between December 2007 and December 2008, Gmail's number of unique monthly visitors in the United States grew 43%, from …
NV=
///////////////////Bill Gates just released mosquitos into the audience at TED and said, 'Not only poor people should experience this.'"
That was the post by Facebook's Senior Platform Manager Dave Morin on social networking site Twitter.
The event took place at the TED2009 (Technology, Entertainment and Design) conference on Wednesday in Long Beach, Calif., where the Microsoft chairman was delivering a presentation about malaria education and eradication. Malaria is transmitted from person to person via mosquito bites.
/////////////////////DARWIN: THE RELUCTANT MATHEMATICIAN
Despite disliking mathematics, the great biologist inadvertently advanced statistics By Julie Rehmeyer Web edition : 2:16 pm Text Size
Enlarge
COMMON TOADFLAXDarwin by chance noticed that the seeds from cross-fertilized Common Toadflax plants grew into bigger, stronger plants than the plants from self-fertilized seeds. The observation spurred further experiments.
For all his other talents, Charles Darwin wasn’t much of a mathematician. In his autobiography, he writes that he studied math as a young man but also remembers that “it was repugnant to me.” He dismissed complex mathematical arguments and wrote to a friend, “I have no faith in anything short of actual measurement and the Rule of Three,” where the “Rule of Three” was an extremely simple mathematical calculation.
But history played a joke on the great biologist: It made him a contributor to the development of statistics.
////////////////Early whales gave birth on land
by scinews@sciencenews.org (Science News)
Fossil finds help fill in gaps in the land-to-water transition
/////////////////Life expectancy up when cities clean the air
by scinews@sciencenews.org (Science News)
Study shows people live longer after fine-particulate air pollution reduced
///////////////////Most heritable surnames, like Y chromosomes, are passed from father
to son. These unique cultural markers of coancestry might therefore have a
genetic correlate in shared Y chromosome types among men sharing
surnames, although the link could be affected by mutation, multiple
foundation for names, nonpaternity, and genetic drift.
///////////////////verall the finding is that women with higher BMI (heavier for their height) tend to make less money than slimmer women.
/////////////////Central Africa is currently peopled by numerous sedentary agriculturalist populations neighboring the largest group of mobile hunter-gatherers, the Pygmies [1,2,3]. Although archeological remains attest to Homo sapiens' presence in the Congo Basin for at least 30,000 years, the demographic history of these groups, including divergence and admixture, remains widely unknown [4,5,6]. Moreover, it is still debated whether common history or convergent adaptation to a forest environment resulted in the short stature characterizing the pygmies [2,7]. We genotyped 604 individuals at 28 autosomal tetranucleotide microsatellite loci in 12 nonpygmy and 9 neighboring pygmy populations. We found a high level of genetic heterogeneity among Western Central African pygmies, as well as evidence of heterogeneous levels of asymmetrical gene flow from nonpygmies to pygmies, consistent with the variable sociocultural barriers against intermarriages. Using approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) methods [8], we compared several historical scenarios. The most likely points toward a unique ancestral pygmy population that diversified 2800 years ago, contemporarily with the Neolithic expansion of nonpygmy agriculturalists [9,10]. Our results show that recent isolation, genetic drift, and heterogeneous admixture enabled a rapid and substantial genetic differentiation among Western Central African pygmies. Such an admixture pattern is consistent with the various sociocultural behaviors related to intermariages between pygmies and nonpygmies.
//////////////////
QYGMY
Pygmy' is a blanket term for many Central African populations that have an average male height of 150 centimetres or less. Whether these groups share a common evolutionary divergence from other humans has been long-debated
/////////////////CHILD LEARNS PLURAL BETN2-3
//////////////////NO ANIMAL LANGG HAS GRAMMAR
///////////////////LANGG TO RECREATE MENTAL MODEL IN LISTENRS MIND
/////////////////Tunable delay of Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen entanglement
by P. D. Lett
Tunable delay of Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen entanglement
Nature 457, 859 (2009). doi:10.1038/nature07751
Authors: A. M. Marino, R. C. Pooser, V. Boyer & P. D. Lett
Entangled systems display correlations that are stronger than can be obtained classically. This makes entanglement an essential resource for a number of applications, such as quantum information processing, quantum computing and quantum communications. The ability to control the transfer of entanglement between different locations will play a key role in these quantum protocols and enable quantum networks. Such a transfer requires a system that can delay quantum correlations without significant degradation, effectively acting as a short-term quantum memory. An important benchmark for such systems is the ability to delay Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) levels of entanglement and to be able to tune the delay. EPR entanglement is the basis for a number of quantum protocols, allowing the remote inference of the properties of one system (to better than its standard quantum limit) through measurements on the other correlated system. Here we show that a four-wave mixing process based on a double-lambda scheme in hot 85Rb vapour allows us to obtain an optically tunable delay for EPR entangled beams of light. A significant maximum delay, of the order of the width of the cross-correlation function, is achieved. The four-wave mixing also preserves the quantum spatial correlations of the entangled beams. We take advantage of this property to delay entangled images, making this the first step towards a quantum memory for images.
/////////////////WIKI=A language is a dynamic set of sensory symbols of communication and the elements used to manipulate them. Language can also refer to the use of such systems as a general phenomenon. Strictly speaking, language is considered to be an exclusively human mode of communication. Although other animals make use of quite sophisticated communicative systems, sometimes casually referred to as animal language, none of these are known to make use of all of the properties that linguists use to define language.
In Western Philosophy, language has long been closely associated with reason, which is also a uniquely human way of using symbols. In Ancient Greek philosophical terminology, the same word, logos, was used as a term for both language or speech and reason, and the philosopher Thomas Hobbes used the English word "speech" so that it similarly could refer to reason, as will be discussed below. More commonly though, the English word "language", derived ultimately from lingua, Latin for tongue, typically refers only to expressions of reason which can be understood by other people, most obviously by speaking.
///////////////////Outliers: The Story of Success
In this provocative and inspiring book, Malcolm Gladwell examines everyone from business giants to scientific geniuses, sports stars to musicians, and reveals what they have in common. He looks behind the spectacular results, the myths and the legends to show what really explains exceptionally successful people. Gladwell argues that, when we try to understand success, we normally start with the wrong question. We ask "what is this person like?" when we should really be asking "where are they from?" The real secret of success turns out to be surprisingly simple, and it hinges on a few crucial twists in people's life stories - on the culture they grow up in and the way they spend their time. What does Bill Gates have in common with the Beatles? How does your IQ relate to your salary? What can a linguist tell us about airline safety? How does the way your child speaks to an adult affect their success in life? What do rice paddies have to do with maths results? And how can you predict a maths star without even making them take a test? Malcolm Gladwell has the answers. This book really will change the way you think about your life. And it will challenge you to make the most of your own potential.
/////////////////////I CANT UNTELL U
/////////////////A set of commonly accepted signs (indices, icons or symbols) is only one feature of language; all languages must define (i) the structural relationships between these signs in a system of grammar, (ii) the context wherein the signs are used (pragmatics) and (iii) dependent on their context the content specifity, i.e. its meaning (semantics). Rules of grammar are one of the characteristics sometimes said to distinguish language from other forms of communication. They allow a finite set of signs to be manipulated to create a potentially infinite number of grammatical utterances.
Another property of language is that its symbols are arbitrary. Any concept or grammatical rule can be mapped onto a symbol. In other words, most languages make use of sound, but the combinations of sounds used do not have any necessary and inherent meaning – they are merely an agreed-upon convention to represent a certain thing by users of that language. For instance, there is nothing about the Spanish word nada itself that forces Spanish speakers to convey the idea of "nothing". Another set of sounds (for example, the English word nothing) could equally be used to represent the same concept, but all Spanish speakers have acquired or learned to correlate this meaning for this particular sound pattern. For Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian or Bosnian speakers on the other hand, nada means something else; it means "hope".
This arbitrariness even applies to words with an onomatopoetic dimension (i.e. words that to some extent simulate the sound of the token referred to). For example, several animal names (e.g. cuckoo, whip-poor-will, katydid) are derived from sounds the respective animal makes, but these forms did not have to be chosen for these meanings. Non-onomatopoetic words can stand just as easily for the same meaning. For instance, the katydid is called a "bush cricket" in British English, a term that bears no relation to the sound the animal makes. In time, onomatopoetic words can also change in form, losing their mimetic status. Onomatopoetic words may have an inherent relation to their referent, but this meaning is not inherent, thus they do not violate arbitrariness.
/////////////////WHO U BECOME
///////////////////Feb 6, 2009 (5 days ago)
Nineteen Eighty-four
Newspeak, Doublethink, Big Brother, and the Thought Police - the language of 1984 has passed into the English Language as a symbol of the horrors of totalitarianism. George Orwell's story of Winston Smith's fight against the all-pervading party has become a classic, not the least because of its intellectual coherence.
////////////////obbes followed by John Locke and others claimed that language is an extension of the "speech" which humans have within themselves, which in a sense takes the classical view that reason is one of the most primary characteristics of human nature. Others have argued the opposite - that reason developed out of the need for more complex communication. Rousseau, despite writing[3] before the publication of Darwin's theory of evolution, claimed that there had once been humans who had no language or reason and who developed language first, rather than reason - the development of which things he explicitly described as a mixed blessing, with many negative characteristics.
Since the arrival of Darwin the subject has been approached more often by scientists than philosophers. For example, neurologist Terrence Deacon has argued that reason and language "coevolved". Merlin Donald sees language as a later development building upon what he refers to as mimetic culture,[4] emphasizing that this coevolution depended upon the interactions of many individuals. He writes that:
////////////////Animal Farm
"All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others." George Orwell's modern fable on the way power corrupts is as apt as ever in the twenty-first century. Hardback 200pp
////////////////
The historical record of linguistics begins in India with Pāṇini, the 5th century BCE grammarian who formulated 3,959 rules of Sanskrit morphology, known as the Aṣṭādhyāyī (अष्टाध्यायी) and with Tolkāppiyar, the 3rd century BCE[dubious – discuss] grammarian of the Tamil work Tolkāppiyam(தொல்காப்பியம்). Pāṇini’s grammar is highly systematized and technical. Inherent in its analytic approach are the concepts of the phoneme, the morpheme, and the root; Western linguists only recognized the phoneme some two millennia later. Tolkāppiyar's work is perhaps the first to describe articulatory phonetics for a language. Its classification of the alphabet into consonants and vowels, and elements like nouns, verbs, vowels, and consonants, which he put into classes, were also breakthroughs at the time. In the Middle East, the Persian linguist Sibawayh (سیبویه) made a detailed and professional description of Arabic in 760 CE in his monumental work, Al-kitab fi al-nahw (الكتاب في النحو, The Book on Grammar), bringing many linguistic aspects of language to light. In his book, he distinguished phonetics from phonology.
Later in the West, the success of science, mathematics, and other formal systems in the 20th century led many to attempt a formalization of the study of language as a "semantic code". This resulted in the academic discipline of linguistics, the founding of which is attributed to Ferdinand de Saussure.[citation needed] In the 20th century, substantial contributions to the understanding of language came from Ferdinand de Saussure, Hjelmslev, Émile Benveniste and Roman Jakobson,[10] which are characterized as being highly systematic.[10]
///////////////BK ARMY=Feb 6, 2009 (5 days ago)
The Catcher in the Rye
The original American text of Salinger's novel. A 16-year old American boy relates in his own words the experiences he goes through at school and after, and reveals with the workings of his own mind. What does a boy in his teens think and feel about his teachers, parents, friends and acquaintances?
/////////////////The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time
The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time is a murder mystery novel like no other. The detective, and narrator, is Christopher Boone. Christopher is fifteen and has Asperger's, a form of autism. He knows a very great deal about maths and very little about human beings. He loves lists, patterns and the truth. He hates the colours yellow and brown and being touched. He has never gone further than the end of the road on his own, but when he finds a neighbour's dog murdered he sets out on a terrifying journey which will turn his whole world upside down.
////////////////////LUCK?-TOO MODEST TO CALL IT A SKILL
//////////////////Revolutionary Road
Hailed as a masterpiece from the moment of its first publication, "Revolutionary Road" is the story of Frank and April Wheeler, a bright, beautiful, and talented couple whose empty suburban life is held together by the dream that greatness is only just round the corner. With heartbreaking compassion and clarity, Richard Yates shows how Frank and April mortgage their hopes and ideals, betraying in the end not only each other, but their own best selves.
/////////////////CHILD LEARNS PLURAL BETN2-3
//////////////////NO ANIMAL LANGG HAS GRAMMAR
///////////////////LANGG TO RECREATE MENTAL MODEL IN LISTENRS MIND
/////////////////Tunable delay of Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen entanglement
by P. D. Lett
Tunable delay of Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen entanglement
Nature 457, 859 (2009). doi:10.1038/nature07751
Authors: A. M. Marino, R. C. Pooser, V. Boyer & P. D. Lett
Entangled systems display correlations that are stronger than can be obtained classically. This makes entanglement an essential resource for a number of applications, such as quantum information processing, quantum computing and quantum communications. The ability to control the transfer of entanglement between different locations will play a key role in these quantum protocols and enable quantum networks. Such a transfer requires a system that can delay quantum correlations without significant degradation, effectively acting as a short-term quantum memory. An important benchmark for such systems is the ability to delay Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR) levels of entanglement and to be able to tune the delay. EPR entanglement is the basis for a number of quantum protocols, allowing the remote inference of the properties of one system (to better than its standard quantum limit) through measurements on the other correlated system. Here we show that a four-wave mixing process based on a double-lambda scheme in hot 85Rb vapour allows us to obtain an optically tunable delay for EPR entangled beams of light. A significant maximum delay, of the order of the width of the cross-correlation function, is achieved. The four-wave mixing also preserves the quantum spatial correlations of the entangled beams. We take advantage of this property to delay entangled images, making this the first step towards a quantum memory for images.
/////////////////WIKI=A language is a dynamic set of sensory symbols of communication and the elements used to manipulate them. Language can also refer to the use of such systems as a general phenomenon. Strictly speaking, language is considered to be an exclusively human mode of communication. Although other animals make use of quite sophisticated communicative systems, sometimes casually referred to as animal language, none of these are known to make use of all of the properties that linguists use to define language.
In Western Philosophy, language has long been closely associated with reason, which is also a uniquely human way of using symbols. In Ancient Greek philosophical terminology, the same word, logos, was used as a term for both language or speech and reason, and the philosopher Thomas Hobbes used the English word "speech" so that it similarly could refer to reason, as will be discussed below. More commonly though, the English word "language", derived ultimately from lingua, Latin for tongue, typically refers only to expressions of reason which can be understood by other people, most obviously by speaking.
///////////////////Outliers: The Story of Success
In this provocative and inspiring book, Malcolm Gladwell examines everyone from business giants to scientific geniuses, sports stars to musicians, and reveals what they have in common. He looks behind the spectacular results, the myths and the legends to show what really explains exceptionally successful people. Gladwell argues that, when we try to understand success, we normally start with the wrong question. We ask "what is this person like?" when we should really be asking "where are they from?" The real secret of success turns out to be surprisingly simple, and it hinges on a few crucial twists in people's life stories - on the culture they grow up in and the way they spend their time. What does Bill Gates have in common with the Beatles? How does your IQ relate to your salary? What can a linguist tell us about airline safety? How does the way your child speaks to an adult affect their success in life? What do rice paddies have to do with maths results? And how can you predict a maths star without even making them take a test? Malcolm Gladwell has the answers. This book really will change the way you think about your life. And it will challenge you to make the most of your own potential.
/////////////////////I CANT UNTELL U
/////////////////A set of commonly accepted signs (indices, icons or symbols) is only one feature of language; all languages must define (i) the structural relationships between these signs in a system of grammar, (ii) the context wherein the signs are used (pragmatics) and (iii) dependent on their context the content specifity, i.e. its meaning (semantics). Rules of grammar are one of the characteristics sometimes said to distinguish language from other forms of communication. They allow a finite set of signs to be manipulated to create a potentially infinite number of grammatical utterances.
Another property of language is that its symbols are arbitrary. Any concept or grammatical rule can be mapped onto a symbol. In other words, most languages make use of sound, but the combinations of sounds used do not have any necessary and inherent meaning – they are merely an agreed-upon convention to represent a certain thing by users of that language. For instance, there is nothing about the Spanish word nada itself that forces Spanish speakers to convey the idea of "nothing". Another set of sounds (for example, the English word nothing) could equally be used to represent the same concept, but all Spanish speakers have acquired or learned to correlate this meaning for this particular sound pattern. For Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian or Bosnian speakers on the other hand, nada means something else; it means "hope".
This arbitrariness even applies to words with an onomatopoetic dimension (i.e. words that to some extent simulate the sound of the token referred to). For example, several animal names (e.g. cuckoo, whip-poor-will, katydid) are derived from sounds the respective animal makes, but these forms did not have to be chosen for these meanings. Non-onomatopoetic words can stand just as easily for the same meaning. For instance, the katydid is called a "bush cricket" in British English, a term that bears no relation to the sound the animal makes. In time, onomatopoetic words can also change in form, losing their mimetic status. Onomatopoetic words may have an inherent relation to their referent, but this meaning is not inherent, thus they do not violate arbitrariness.
/////////////////WHO U BECOME
///////////////////Feb 6, 2009 (5 days ago)
Nineteen Eighty-four
Newspeak, Doublethink, Big Brother, and the Thought Police - the language of 1984 has passed into the English Language as a symbol of the horrors of totalitarianism. George Orwell's story of Winston Smith's fight against the all-pervading party has become a classic, not the least because of its intellectual coherence.
////////////////obbes followed by John Locke and others claimed that language is an extension of the "speech" which humans have within themselves, which in a sense takes the classical view that reason is one of the most primary characteristics of human nature. Others have argued the opposite - that reason developed out of the need for more complex communication. Rousseau, despite writing[3] before the publication of Darwin's theory of evolution, claimed that there had once been humans who had no language or reason and who developed language first, rather than reason - the development of which things he explicitly described as a mixed blessing, with many negative characteristics.
Since the arrival of Darwin the subject has been approached more often by scientists than philosophers. For example, neurologist Terrence Deacon has argued that reason and language "coevolved". Merlin Donald sees language as a later development building upon what he refers to as mimetic culture,[4] emphasizing that this coevolution depended upon the interactions of many individuals. He writes that:
////////////////Animal Farm
"All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others." George Orwell's modern fable on the way power corrupts is as apt as ever in the twenty-first century. Hardback 200pp
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The historical record of linguistics begins in India with Pāṇini, the 5th century BCE grammarian who formulated 3,959 rules of Sanskrit morphology, known as the Aṣṭādhyāyī (अष्टाध्यायी) and with Tolkāppiyar, the 3rd century BCE[dubious – discuss] grammarian of the Tamil work Tolkāppiyam(தொல்காப்பியம்). Pāṇini’s grammar is highly systematized and technical. Inherent in its analytic approach are the concepts of the phoneme, the morpheme, and the root; Western linguists only recognized the phoneme some two millennia later. Tolkāppiyar's work is perhaps the first to describe articulatory phonetics for a language. Its classification of the alphabet into consonants and vowels, and elements like nouns, verbs, vowels, and consonants, which he put into classes, were also breakthroughs at the time. In the Middle East, the Persian linguist Sibawayh (سیبویه) made a detailed and professional description of Arabic in 760 CE in his monumental work, Al-kitab fi al-nahw (الكتاب في النحو, The Book on Grammar), bringing many linguistic aspects of language to light. In his book, he distinguished phonetics from phonology.
Later in the West, the success of science, mathematics, and other formal systems in the 20th century led many to attempt a formalization of the study of language as a "semantic code". This resulted in the academic discipline of linguistics, the founding of which is attributed to Ferdinand de Saussure.[citation needed] In the 20th century, substantial contributions to the understanding of language came from Ferdinand de Saussure, Hjelmslev, Émile Benveniste and Roman Jakobson,[10] which are characterized as being highly systematic.[10]
///////////////BK ARMY=Feb 6, 2009 (5 days ago)
The Catcher in the Rye
The original American text of Salinger's novel. A 16-year old American boy relates in his own words the experiences he goes through at school and after, and reveals with the workings of his own mind. What does a boy in his teens think and feel about his teachers, parents, friends and acquaintances?
/////////////////The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time
The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time is a murder mystery novel like no other. The detective, and narrator, is Christopher Boone. Christopher is fifteen and has Asperger's, a form of autism. He knows a very great deal about maths and very little about human beings. He loves lists, patterns and the truth. He hates the colours yellow and brown and being touched. He has never gone further than the end of the road on his own, but when he finds a neighbour's dog murdered he sets out on a terrifying journey which will turn his whole world upside down.
////////////////////LUCK?-TOO MODEST TO CALL IT A SKILL
//////////////////Revolutionary Road
Hailed as a masterpiece from the moment of its first publication, "Revolutionary Road" is the story of Frank and April Wheeler, a bright, beautiful, and talented couple whose empty suburban life is held together by the dream that greatness is only just round the corner. With heartbreaking compassion and clarity, Richard Yates shows how Frank and April mortgage their hopes and ideals, betraying in the end not only each other, but their own best selves.
GOOGLE OCEAN
/////////////MS IN OFFSPRINGS OF PREGY WITH INADEQUATE SUNLIGHT-OXFRD STDY
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The only temperature that’s equal in both Celsius and Farenheit is: -40 on both scales.
/////////////////TITANOBOA-FRM COLUMBIA-POST DINOSAUR-13 M LONG-SCHOOL BUS IN LENGTH-IN CLIMATE 30-34DEG C
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The only temperature that’s equal in both Celsius and Farenheit is: -40 on both scales.
/////////////////TITANOBOA-FRM COLUMBIA-POST DINOSAUR-13 M LONG-SCHOOL BUS IN LENGTH-IN CLIMATE 30-34DEG C
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