Sarvam khalvidam Brahma” — “All this is indeed Brahman.”

 A

The idea of Brahman is one of the most profound and central concepts in Hindu philosophy, especially within the Upanishads and Vedanta traditions.

Here’s a clear and layered explanation 👇

🌕 1. 

Meaning of Brahman

The word Brahman (from the Sanskrit root bṛh, meaning “to grow” or “to expand”) refers to the ultimate reality, the absolute, or the infinite consciousness underlying all existence.

It is not a god in the personal sense, but rather the essence of everything — the ground of being itself.

🌊 2. 

Nature of Brahman

In philosophical terms, Brahman is described as:

• Sat — pure existence or being
• Chit — pure consciousness or awareness
• Ānanda — pure bliss

So, Brahman = Sat-Chit-Ānanda (Being-Consciousness-Bliss).

It is infinite, eternal, changeless, and beyond all dualities (like good/evil, subject/object, etc.).

🔥 3. 

Brahman and the World

The Upanishads teach that all things in the universe arise from Brahman, exist in Brahman, and return to Brahman — similar to how waves arise and subside in the ocean.

“Sarvam khalvidam Brahma”

— “All this is indeed Brahman.”

(Chandogya Upanishad 3.14.1)

So the world is not separate from Brahman; it is Brahman appearing as diversity through Māyā (illusion or cosmic power).

🌱 4. 

Ātman and Brahman

One of the deepest insights of the Upanishads is:

Ātman = Brahman

That is, the inner self (Ātman) of every being is identical with the ultimate reality (Brahman).

Realizing this unity is the goal of spiritual liberation (moksha).

🕉️ 5. 

Different Vedantic Views of Brahman

Different schools of Vedānta interpret Brahman in distinct ways:

• Advaita Vedānta (non-dualism – Śaṅkara):
  Brahman is the only reality; the world and individuality are appearances.
• Vishishtadvaita (qualified non-dualism – Rāmānuja):
  Brahman includes all souls and matter as its body; unity in diversity.
• Dvaita (dualism – Madhva):
  Brahman (as Vishnu) is supreme and eternally distinct from individual souls.

🌤️ 6. 

In Practice

Meditation, self-inquiry (“Who am I?”), devotion, and ethical living are means to realize Brahman — not merely as an idea, but as a living experience of unity and peace.

Would you like me to explain how Brahman relates to God (Īśvara) or how it can be understood in modern philosophical or scientific terms?