A
T he process of medical diagnosis involves the application to a spe cific case of the knowledge accumulated from a large number of similar cases. This knowledge may have been derived by systematic observation and detailed analysis of case records, or it may have been obtained intuitively in the course of the physician’s experi ence. In either instance the process is statistical in nature in that it consists of abstracting from a multiplicity of factors and conditions those which are pertinent to specific cases. Moreover, since no two cases are exactly alike, the resulting diagnoses are not absolute but involve some uncertainty and might better be thought of in terms of probabilities.10
A
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