Sunday, 28 September 2025

P ASD X ED

 A

Here’s a concise bullet-point gist with key quotes from the paper you shared:


Background

  • “Autistic individuals and individuals with ADHD are more likely to experience eating disorders, yet the reasons for this are not well understood.”

  • Eating behaviours examined: emotional/restrained and externally driven eating.

  • Study investigates childhood neurodivergent traits → adolescent eating behaviours, sex differences, and anxiety as a mediator.


Methods

  • Cohort: Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), N = 7,572.

  • Childhood traits assessed at age 7:

    • Autistic traits: Social and Communication Disorders Checklist (SCDC)

    • ADHD traits: Development and Well-Being Questionnaire (DAWBA), separated into inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity

  • Anxiety assessed at age 10: DAWBA composite score.

  • Eating behaviours at age 13: Abbreviated Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ)

    • Collapsed emotional + restrained eating into one factor due to overlap

    • Externally driven eating treated as separate factor


Results

  • Autistic traits → adolescent eating:

    • Emotional/restrained eating: b = 0.59, p < .001

    • Externally driven eating: b = 0.17, p < .01

    • Quote: “Autistic traits in childhood may share some eating behaviour phenotypes in adolescence (externally driven eating), whereas others are specific to autism (emotional/restrained eating).”

  • ADHD traits → adolescent eating:

    • Inattention associated with externally driven eating: b = 0.10, p = .02

    • Hyperactivity/impulsivity not associated with eating behaviours

  • Sex moderation:

    • “No sex differences were identified in the associations.”

  • Anxiety mediation:

    • Anxiety partially mediated autistic traits → emotional/restrained eating: b = 0.08, 95% CI [0.02, 0.13]

    • Quote: “Around 14% of the observed association between autistic traits and adolescent emotional/restrained eating was mediated by anxiety.”

    • Anxiety not associated with externally driven eating


Discussion / Interpretation

  • Autistic traits have specific links to emotional/restrained eating, while both autistic and inattention traits are linked to externally driven eating.

  • Anxiety is a mechanistic pathway for emotional/restrained eating in autistic youth.

  • Quote: “Addressing high levels of anxiety…may improve treatment outcomes for autistic people seeking support with disordered eating.”

  • No significant sex differences detected, potentially due to measurement tools and historical underdiagnosis in females.

  • Implications for prevention and intervention: targeting anxiety and tailored support for neurodivergent youth.


Strengths

  • Large, longitudinal, population-based cohort

  • Inclusion of both autism and ADHD traits in the same model

Limitations

  • Parent-reported measures may be biased

  • Limited ethnic diversity (96% White)

  • Only two items for restrained eating; other eating disorder forms not examined


Key Points (from the paper)

  • Known: Autism and ADHD increase risk for disordered eating.

  • New: Autistic traits → emotional/restrained & externally driven eating; ADHD traits → externally driven eating; anxiety partially mediates autistic traits → emotional/restrained eating.

  • Relevant: Anxiety may be a target for preventing disordered eating in autistic youth.


If you want, I can also make a super-condensed “one-page visual summary” with arrows showing traits → anxiety → eating behaviours, which makes it easy to present or share.

Do you want me to do that?


A


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