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Summary Bullet with Quote – Kant, Noumena and Quantum Physics (By Willem McLoud)
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Immanuel Kant distinguished between the phenomena (what we perceive) and noumena (things-in-themselves, which lie beyond sensory experience).
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Noumena are not accessible through empirical observation—they are the ultimate reality behind appearances.
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Modern quantum physics, especially through the role of the observer and the collapse of the wave function, echoes Kant’s insight that our perception shapes reality, and that reality may be fundamentally unknowable in itself.
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Quantum theory implies the limits of objective knowledge, aligning with Kant’s view that the human mind structures experience, rather than revealing things as they are inherently.
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Some interpretations (e.g., Copenhagen, QBism) resonate with Kantian idealism by suggesting that reality depends on observation and is not fully independent of the observer.
“We can never know the thing-in-itself (noumenon); we only ever perceive the world as it appears to us (phenomenon), shaped by our own cognitive faculties.”
— Immanuel Kant
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